Giardiasis - a disease of "dirty hands". In most cases giardiasis sick children. Infection with Giardia children most often occurs through dirty hands, household items, toys. How to recognize the disease and how to treat? The answers you will find in this article.
Content
Giardiasis - a disease in children and adults, which affects
alimentary canal, and parasitism caused by protozoa
- Giardia. The development of this disease, as well as of helminthic infestations, depends
from environmental health.
Giardia found more Leeuwenhoek in 1681, and in 1859 their
I found in the feces of intestinal disorders of a sick child scientist
Giardia. His name and call these protozoa.
For
Giardia is characterized by two stages: the vegetative stage and cysts.
The cysts in the feces are found in 20-25% of cases, and the children who
attending kindergartens, - almost 100% of cases. Through drinking water,
dirty hands, unwashed fruits and vegetables fall into the oral pathogens
the cavity of the child, causing disease.
Giardiasis occurs in
all age groups but is most common in children 5-6 years. Giardia
parasitize in the duodenum and upper small intestine.
The gallbladder and bile duct conditions are not conducive to
the existence of pathogens. Bile can become a breeding ground
subject to reduction of its bactericidal properties, which is observed in
dysmotility biliary tract.
Exist
diametrically opposite points of view on the role of protozoa in
body of the child. First, giardia - harmless microorganisms
intestine and do not require treatment; Two: it is - dangerous pathogens
diseases; Third: they are conditionally pathogenic to man,
It has become dangerous with a decrease in the body's resistance,
diseases of the digestive tract, liver and gall bladder.
Clinical observations show that in the course of Giardia
livelihoods emit toxic substances that lead to
development of chronic toxicity, as well as the mechanical irritation
intestine.
How does lyablioz
incubatory
period lasts for an average of 15 days. Progression of the disease may be acute,
subacute and chronic. Acute during reminds acute gastroenteritis
(Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine). During his watery stools,
foamy, yellow, sour odor, 5-8 times per day. at
subacute and chronic manifestations of the disease development associated with
dyskinesia (motility disorders) Biliary and observed
more. A variety of symptoms that are found in patients who can be
grouped into three major syndromes: pain, dyspepsia and
intoxication. For pain syndrome characterized by abdominal pain without
precise localization. Most of the children indicate parumbilical
section, and on the right upper quadrant. The pain can be
paroxysmal, aching. Dyspeptic syndrome characterized by: resistant
nausea, loss of appetite or lack of it, and sometimes vomiting.
Intoxication syndrome manifested by pallor of the skin, "bruises"
under the eyes, dullness and yellowness around the mouth, persistent headache
pain, fatigue, irritability, emotional
lability, general weakness.
With such a nonspecific
symptom parents as well as doctors in the first place
suspect worm infestation or disease of the biliary tract. AT
most cases, during the examination of these patients show
changes in the bile ducts and gall bladder. Set diagnosis "biliary dyskinesia" or "holetsistoholangit". Treatment
appointed in accordance with the diagnosis, but only leads to a reduction in pain
in a stomach. Dyspeptic symptoms and toxicity remain, and only
drugs that kill giardia, normalize the patient's condition
child.
For diagnosis "giardiasis" Giardia cysts
to be detected in the faeces or in portions of duodenal
content and bile obtained from the duodenal intubation.
Treatment and complications of giardiasis
Doctor
prescribe doses, because they depend on the age and weight
child. Duration of treatment also choose a doctor because
There are various treatment regimens. For example: taking drugs - 5 days
Break - 5 days, a second course of treatment - 5 days. It is also necessary
normalize motility of biliary tract, colon microflora
intestine.
Disease
can cause such complications, the child's body weight reduction or
a slowdown in its growth; reduction of total body resistance,
the development of anemia of different degrees of severity, joining different
infectious diseases. abscess (abscess) may occur very rarely
liver or intestinal mucosa.
How is giardiasis prevention
The main
focus should be prevention and personal hygiene compliance
sanitary norms. Children under school age must be taught how
personal hygiene: wash hands before eating, do not take your fingers, different in the mouth
items, vegetables and fruits before eating to wash with hot water.
You should always boil water for drinking.
Adhering to these simple rules of hygiene can prevent giardiasis.
