Myopia or myopia - leader in the rating of vision problems. In this case, a person ceases to clearly distinguish objects at long distances, it has to be pushed, move closer to the eyes. What methods today exist to increase visual acuity?
Content
Glasses
The most ancient and most common way to increase vision at myopia. Everyone knows that with weak myopia (up to -3.0 diopters) glasses are trying not to prescribe for constant wearing. They are used only if necessary, because glasses, restoring visual sharpness, weaken eye muscles, and this contributes to the growth of myopia.
At myopia more than 3.0 diopter glasses are prescribed for constant wearing, because the vision is reduced to the extent when without glasses can no longer do.
With high myopia (more than 6.0 diopters) When choosing a force of lenses, the doctor prescribes not a complete correction, but, the so-called, portability correction, T.E. such that transfers patient. At the same time sees in glasses a person is not 100%. The intolerance to the full-time correction in myopia is associated with many reasons, but the main – Significant image reduction due to spectacle lenses.
It is difficult to get used to points with a combination of myopia with astigmatism (this is some deviation of the cornea of the eye from the form of the sphere and the approach to the shape of the ellipsoid). At the same time, complex glasses with cylindrical glasses are prescribed. Serious problem represents and correction with glasses anisometropy (different optical strength of two eyes).
The intolerance to the full correction in this case is related to the formation of various sizes on the retina, which the brain is not able to merge into a single whole. The man's brain fights this defect, rejecting the badly seen eye to the side (therefore develops the squint) or reducing the urgency of sight of one eye (the so-called is developing «Lazy eye» or amblyopia). Such a situation leads to problems requiring long-term treatment to restore vision.
Lazy eye is also developing in young children of preschool age with incomplete correction of high myopia. Low vision in this case is not restored, and the success of treatment is better than the first vision correction is appointed.
Contact lenses
It should be noted that the contact lenses successfully solve most of these problems. At the same time, it does not exclude the use of glasses as an additional medium correction.
Contact lens, unlike glasses, is located directly on the surface of the eyeball and separated from the front surface of the eye only layer of tears. Thanks to the close indicators of the refractive for the material from which the contact lens, tears and cornea are made, the lens forms a single optical system with the eye.
In this system, eye muscles work, as in a healthy eye and there is a workout of weakened accommodation, which is one of the reasons for the progression of myopia. Thus, contact lenses at myopia are not only a means of correction of view, but also a means of treatment.
As a means of correction, contact lenses also have a number of serious advantages compared to glasses:
- The eye is transferred to any power of contact lenses, that is, it is possible and permissible to be fully or almost complete correction of myopia of any degree. The highest degree of myopia, which I had to correlate contact lenses, was -35.0 Dioptri. Vision in the lenses was 50% of the norm, and in glasses 2%. The reason for incompleteness in the contact lenses was the defeat of the retina caused by myopia.
- Lenses reduce the image of items significantly less than glasses, so objects in the lenses are always larger.
- With different myopia of two eyes, there is less difference in two images on the retina, so you can completely correlate both eyes, get the full vision of two eyes (binocular), successfully treated ambulopia and squint, and with timely correction to prevent their development.
- In lenses wider than in glasses view, more clarity, contrast and volume of image. Patients with weak and medium myopia, using contact lenses, talk about another quality of life in lenses compared to glasses.
- Astigmatism uses special (toric) lenses that provide higher visual acuity and better portability compared with glasses.
- Available today for minor and lenses that change the color of the eyes. They just improve the mood. And with good mood and illness retreat.
What is the danger of lenses?
If the contact lenses are so good, whether it means that all problems are solved, and the search for new materials is completed? Of course not. In recent years, new developments in the field of contact correction appeared on the market.
Modern contact lenses became easier to pick up, they are better tolerated. However, all this led to excessive courage of doctors and patients. Sometimes lenses are bought in optics and online stores even without selection. It is harmful and dangerous.
How to avoid complications?
- The shape of the lens, its type, optical force, material parameters, care products should always be selected by a specialist individually, with a binding Cabinet of contact correction.
- Complete rules for using contact lenses. This is, first of all, the requirements of hygiene and the right care.
- With the appearance of discomfort, redoing the eye, any pain or fatigue, you need to visit the doctor who chose the lenses, and in the absence of complaints from the doctor at least twice a year.
- We recommend using modern lenses, and not the lenses of the old generation. New silicone hydrogel lenses provide sufficient oxygen admission to the eye. And the lenses of frequent planned replacement, or one-day lenses allow you to avoid deposits on the surface of lenses. Tears exchange products.
Modern lenses decide and one of the serious problems of ophthalmology, which is considered «There is a disease of the century», so-called «Sukho eye syndrome». The reasons for its occurrence are a lot: air-conditioned air and poor ecology with dusty and smoke air, computer (sitting at a computer blinks 4 times less frequently).
These are any eye operations, any eye drops and… including contact lenses. In order to avoid dryness in contact lenses in recent years, new materials have appeared with the effect of moisture, special drops are applied, long-standing moisture in the eye, the search for new methods of combating this pathology continues.
Other ways of correction
One of the most widely promoted methods today is laser vision correction. He has its advantages and disadvantages, develops and improving, like contact correction. But, the operation is operation. Its result is not always completely pre
Azume and, most importantly, there is no refund back, to the state of the eye, which was before the operation.
In addition, it should be remembered that the change in the shape of the cornea even the most modern method does not yet allow «Smoothness of the surface of a living eye created by nature».
Therefore, even when receiving 100 percentage, the quality of the image suffers and there is almost always a small branch and multi-mounted objects, the circles of light scattering around the light sources (at night merges into one solid spot light from car headlights on the road).
The effect of the operation is calculated by special programs, but the living eye makes its own adjustments, and after surgery sometimes you have to use points or contact lenses. And it happens that both does not help. In a word, deciding to the operation, the patient should know about existing risks.
Today there are other possibilities that allow a minor man in the morning to wake up in moant. First, these are contact lenses that are recommended not to take off for the night. However, most Russian specialists do not support such a wearing regime due to the greater risk of serious complications.
There are also special lenses that put on the cornea and change her form during the night sleep. The effect of such an impact is temporary (if you stop wearing myopia lenses restored), and the risk of complications exists and is not very justified. But, in contrast to surgical correction, in this case there is an opportunity «Return back», The state that was before using the method.
Tips for minor people
Observe the rules of hygiene view. Remember that the eyes need rest and good conditions for work. Try to regularly visit the ophthalmologist, keep an examination of the eye bottom with a wide pupil to reveal asymptomatic cracks and donkeys and spend the laser -ugulation in a timely manner.
By the way it is useful to know that laser budget should be minimal, gentle. Do not agree to massive «Preventive» laseroagulation, which is not only not effective, but not safe.
When choosing a type of correction, remember that this is your choice, and the doctor only helps you make it. Carefully read the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Be literate, making a decision. Selecting a particular correction method, follow these recommendations, and attend a doctor in a timely manner.
