What are the manifestations of trachomas? What are the complications of trachomas? What is the forecast of the disease? How to treat trachomas? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Trachoma, manifestation of trachomas
Trachoma
caused chlamydia - small intracellular parasites,
manifesting properties inherent in both bacteria and viruses. In cells
They were found by a galbersteater and a shipment (Taurus Mr) in the beginning
century, but recognized as trachoms relatively recent.
There is a disease at any age, but more often in children and in
further acquires a chronic course, and under the latter can
Meet the lifelong duration of the trach.
The clinical picture of the disease is diverse to
Better to figure it out, the course of the disease is conditionally divided into three stages.
The first stage with objective inspection is characterized by infiltration
mucous membrane (clinically expressed in her thickening and loss
transparency) and the formation of numerous grains (follicles),
reminiscent of frog caviar.
Grains have a grayish pinkish color, scattered randomly and
Located in the thickness of the mucous membrane in contrast to the grains in follicular
Conjunctivitis. They can spread to a semi-short fold and
Temar meat. However, the diagnosis of trachomas becomes undoubted or almost
undoubtedly only when the follicles capture the conjunctival of cartilage
Upper century.
Cellular infiltration penetrates not only in the entire thickness
connecting shell, but also in cloth cartilage. They are thicken,
It is harder that causes partial omission of the upper eyelid
- trachomatous ptosis that gives a sick.
Despite a fairly pronounced clinical picture, the disease
Often, long time flows unnoticed. It happens that diagnosis
For the first time (without any complaints) is set when inspection
young men during military registry. But attentive patients, as well as
and with a more severe course of conjunctivitis, complaints against
“Sand feeling”, The redness of the eye, separated, especially in the morning, fast
fatigue, photophobia, and in cases of complications - to reduce vision,
Pain, blefarospasm.
Follicles, reaching a certain development, shrore and
replace the connecting scar cloth. The appearance of rutters -
Evidence of the transition of trahesatous conjunctivitis in the second stage. IN
The number of scarring increases, and they begin to prevail over
Follicles are the third stage of the process, which, if not being held
Treatment, accompanies man all life.
It is in stage III that the skin of the mucous membrane appears, which
caused the name of the disease. The irregularity of conjunctiva is explained
numerous stamps with islands infiltrated (thickened)
mucous membranes, with follicles and increased papillas between scars.
Trachoma is accompanied by complications and leaves consequences.
Complications of trachomas
Completions of trachomas are expressed in involvement in the corneal process,
Accession of banal conjunctivitis, tear bag inflammation.
The defeat of the horny shell is characterized, first of all,
Pannus. Pannus (translated - curtain) - specific manifestation
trachomas. This is a surface vascular inflammation - keratitis, always
starting from the top limb and descending like a curtain (with
distinctly pronounced lower edge) on the cornea. From the degree of it
development depends on visual acuity and other subjective sensations
Patient.
Pronounced pannus is observed in 15% -20% of patients. However
Biomicroscopic inspection of pannus is found in all patients, and its
identification has a large diagnostic value in doubtful
Cases. In other words, Pannus is not a complication of trachomas, and her
part of the part, and we consider it as a complication of the main
way with methodical positions. So essentially the fuck you need
be considered not conjunctivitis, but keratoconjunctivitis.
Other changes of the cornea can be expressed in a specific
trophic ulcers located under the pannus and in banal keratitis
With ulceration. It is clear that at the same time the forecast for sight worsens.
Connection to the trachoma of banal conjunctivitis leads to a greater
The dangers of damage to the cornea and significantly increases the opportunity
infection of trachoma surrounding.
In the clinic of trachomas, except for the three listed active stages,
distinguished one more - fourth - scar. This is essentially no longer
trachoma, but only a lifelong certificate that the examined
Run it. Stage is characterized by the presence of an eyelid on the mucous membrane
scars in the absence of infiltration and trahesatous follicles. therefore
diagnosis «Trachoma IV» means recovery.
Along with the described phenomena, the eye can be detected and so
Called consequences of trachomas. These include changes caused by
scarring. They may not necessarily occur in the fourth stage
trachomas, but also in the third and partially in the second. However, consideration
them after the description of the clinic of the fourth stage of the trachoma pursues the goal
show that the consequences of trachomas are changes caused purely
mechanical factors caused by the formation of the connecting
Fabrics.
The consequences of trachomas include: curvature
cartilage, wrong (in the side of the eyeball) growth of eyelashes - trichiasis,
Current eyelid, rear symblepharic, parenchymal xerosis.
To combat trachoma, it is important to know the epidemiology of the disease.
Infection occurs only when the virus gets out of the eye of the patient in
Eye of a healthy person. Since the trachomatous virus is not racks, then
infection is happening almost only with immediate
Contacts that are still observed in families (common towels, pillows and
etc.).
Transfer of trachomatous content in children is possible during games;
such, for example, as a game in «Zhmurki», When children tie each other
Eyes one and the same handkerchief. Some role in the transfer of trachomas
Breasts can play flies.
School child should not be allowed to school or
To be placed in common chambers only in cases of occurring acute
conjunctivitis when the possibility of transmission of trachomas surround sharply
increases.
Treatment and forecast of trachomas
Local use of 1% ointment or 1% tetracycline solution,
Erythromycin, ELETRINA, 10% sodium sulfapyridazine solution, 5% ointment
or 30-50% of the ethasol solution 3-6 times a day. If necessary
1-2 weeks from the beginning of treatment - the expression of follicles. In cases of hard
trachomas General use of tetracycline, etietrina, etazol,
Sulfapyridazina, Vitaminotherapy, Degelmintization, Elimination
Allergic manifestations. With complications shown surgical
treatment.
Forecast. With timely and systematic
The use of antibiotics and sulfonamides is usually usually,
achieve cure and warn complications.
Prevention: timely detection of patients, their dispensarization and regular treatment; Compliance with personal hygiene rules.
