The tick hunting has come (from April to September). If you love rest in nature, you are going to relax, then knowledge about the tick-borne encephalitis will be useful to you.
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Tick-borne encephalitis
Ticky encephalitis occurs after tick bite. This viral infection is characterized by the defeat of the central nervous system. It takes hard, mortally dangerous. Pincers – The disease carriers live throughout Russia, in forest and forest-steppe zones, but those that endure encephalitis are found only in certain areas. Encephalite mite got the greatest distribution in Kostroma, Tverskaya, Yaroslavl, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Kirov, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Alti region and some other areas.
Having habitat Encephalite ticks is a bit shaded and moisturized deciduous or mixed forests with thick grass. Many ticks carrying tick-borne encephalitis occurs on forest edges and paths that have crushed herbs.
The tick is sickling to a person in those places where the skin is more tender – in the neck, head, armpits, on the inner surface of the hip and others. If the tick was a carrier of encephalitis, the first symptoms begin to appear in a week, perhaps three weeks later.
Symptoms of tick-borne encephalitis
With the bite of the encephalitite tick symptoms of the disease appear suddenly. The disease begins with chills, a sharp increase in body temperature up to 39 degrees. There is a strong headache, pain throughout the body, weakness, nausea. For 3-5 days after the first symptoms of the disease, signs of damage to the nervous system are beginning to manifest: convulsions, a sore problem, the coordination of movements is disturbed. If the disease does not treat a person can die.
First assistance to the victim and actions
As soon as the tick is discovered, it must be removed. You can make it a thread or tweezers, grabbing a tick as close as possible to the skin and swaying it out of side to the side. It is necessary to do it carefully that the insect head remains under the skin.
If the ticks failed to pull out the whole, and the head remains, it is necessary to pull it out with a needle. Then handle the wound with any alcohol solution.
As you know, ticks - melters of tick-borne encephalitis. Therefore, in the event of a tick bite, to prevent the development of the disease, emergency medical care needs. The victim must be introduced immunoglobulin against tick-borne encephalitis. This will reduce the likelihood of infection. This emergency prevention can be carried out during the first three days after the bite. The victim should be on the examination to complete confidence that nothing threatens his health.
Prevention
Anti-ticky encephalitis can be vaccinated. This is especially necessary for those who live in places endemic on tick-borne encephalitis and those who are going to go to unfamiliar endemic areas. The vaccination rate consists of 3 vaccinations and should be carried out in a strictly defined time – in November, in a month and after three months. The last vaccination is introduced no later than 2 weeks before the start of the tick activity. However, if an unplanned trip to endemic zones arose, then you can pass an emergency vaccination course.
In Moscow, vaccination can be made in the municipal clinic or in specialized centers. The cost of vaccination depends on what drug is carried out. On average, vaccine preparations for the entire course cost from 400 to 1000 rubles. However, the cost of vaccination from tick-borne encephalitis can vary significantly - depending on whether whose production vaccines are applied. If you add to the private clinic for vaccination, pay attention to the following points.
The vaccination must be carried out in a special procedural office. The procedure is performed by a nurse under the supervision of a doctor. Please note whether there is a separate box with preparations of anti-therapy in the office. Vaccine drug is administered immediately after opening the ampoule. On the ampoule should be clearly visible, the production period, the name, in the ampoule fluid there should be no precipitate. The drug is injected intramuscularly. Vaccised must be under the supervision of medical staff 30 minutes.
After the introduction of vaccinations, various organism reactions are possible. These may be immediate reactions in the form of allergies. May be reactions that last up to 5 days. Perhaps redness, swelling, increase temperature up to 38 degrees. Possible headache, weakness, pain in the muscles and in the joints. If the reaction to the vaccination of the tick-borne encephalitis does not pass for a long time, then you should consult a doctor.
There are contraindications for vaccination. Various acute and chronic diseases, pregnancy. The possibility of vaccination in each case is determined by the doctor. He is responsible for the correctness of the appointment of vaccinations.
However, do not forget that the vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is able to really protect about 95% of the grafts. It does not protect against the bite of the encephalitic tick. But when the disease occurs at the grafts, it proceeds easier and with smaller complications.
In addition to vaccinations, you can protect yourself from tick-borne encephalitis and other methods. If you are expected to go to the forest, it is necessary to make clothes with long sleeves, the collar should be butched, pants are filled into shoes, a headdress is desirable. Also before the campaign you can stock up special aerosols or ointments that must scare ticks. Since the ticks live mostly on the bushes, in high grass, - it is better to avoid such places. Upon returning home you need to explore your body, clothes for insects.
Endemic zones
Fortunately in Moscow and the suburbs of encephalitite ticks are not found. But many people who bring this disease with them. Close to Moscow Are there areas where encephalitite mites are common. It is Tverskaya, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Kirov, Leningrad and many other areas.
However, Moscow and mites are dangerous to the fact that borreliosis can be. Cases of the occurrence of this disease in minor quantities are registered every year. So tick – insect although small but dangerous.
