Hypospadia is the displacement of the urethra hole. Depending on its location, various forms of hypospadias are distinguished, which determine the type of treatment. Read more about the forms of hypospadia and the principles of their treatment, read in the article.
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Hypospadia - improper location of the outer opening of the urethra. With hypospadias in boys, the urethra opens on the bottom surface of the penis, in the scrotum or perineum. Frequency of the disease - 1 of 300 newborn boys. Women's hypospadia occurs significantly less.
Gunny shape of hypospadia - in patients a typical location of the outer hole of the urethra there is a recess in the head of the penis, and the urethra opens somewhat lower, as if moving from the groove from a typical location. This is the easiest form of hypospadia, often accompanied by the narrowing of the outer opening of the extreme flesh and less frequently by a slight deformation of the penis in the ventral (down) direction, especially noticeable when erection.
Cornish form of hypospadia. The outer opening of the urethra opens at the level of the watercraft. The deformation of the penis can also be noted (mainly deviation of the head of the penis from the stem part.
Hypospadia stem form. The outer opening of the urethra opens at the level of the stem portion of the penis. The farther from the head the outer opening of the urethra canal, the more expressed underdevelopment of the penis, its deformation during erection and in calm condition. Also characterized by the narrowing of the outer opening.
Membership-scrotal form of hypospadia - all the above symptoms are even more pronounced. Sex member can remind the clitoris.
Ground hypospadia. The splitting of the scrotum is added to the above symptoms, which, together with sharply reduced, deformed sexual members, can lead to improper definition of the sex of the child.
Cross-crotch form, crotch form. The degree of deformation and underdevelopment of the penis and the scrotum achieve the maximum degree. The structure of the genital organs (a penis reminiscent of the clitoris, the scrotum cleaved and resembles a sexual lip, there is a section of a rudimentary mucosa of the urethra, the outer opening of which is extended - reminds the entrance to the vagina). The definition of the floor is extremely difficult and requires genetic studies.
Diagnostics - inspection. Usually the diagnosis of stem form of hypospadia is carried out in the hospital when examining the born boy. With therapy and head forms, the diagnosis is often exhibited in adolescence or adult, while the main complaint is in the deformation of the penis when the erection, the second typical complaint - splashing urine during urination. Starting with a member-scrotal form and more underdevelopment of the penis, the greatest difficulty is the definition of the child's sex, genetic studies are infrequently carried out that it becomes a big medical and psychological problem.
The granulated and corona form of hypospadias rarely deliver essential troubles, and the treatment is carried out in adolescent or adult age - correction of the deformation of the penis, plastic of the urethra. Treatment results are usually good.
Surgical treatment of hypospadia stem form is usually held at the age of 5-7 years. Depending on the location of the outer opening of the urethra and the degree of underdevelopment of the penis of the operation, the operation is performed using local tissues, the skin of the scrotum and a penis, the membranes of the testicles. The same tactic is possible when a member-scrotal form of hypospadias detected in early childhood. An operation conducted in childhood allows us to correctly develop the sexual authorities and warns the psychological problems in a child.
When revealed by the scrotum, eponymous and crotch and crotch forms of hypospadias in early childhood, the child's surgical correction is most often carried out. If (often) the child is raised as a girl, then during puberty «girls» Men's secondary sexual signs begin to appear (sobering the face and body for male type, the male structure of the body and T.D.). This represents a serious psychological problem, t.To. Teen must make a choice. Most often, the choice is in favor of further female development in connection with which the patient's castration is carried out, plastic outdoor genitals, implantation of the prostheses of the mammary glands, replacement hormone therapy. Much less often, patients agree on the civil shift, total phalluretroplastics - the formation of a penis and the urethra and the use of prostheses, after which a person can normally live in sexual life.
