Although there is still a lot about the action of the hormone growth, it is quite obvious that it is necessary for the normal physical development of the child. What do we know about the wonderful growth hormone?
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Although there is still a lot about the action of the hormone growth, it is quite obvious that it is necessary for the normal physical development of the child. In children, the number of growth hormone is much more than adults. With age, the secretion of growth hormone decreases.
Comatotropic hormone (STG, dentotropin, somatopin, growth hormone) — One of the hormones of the front lobe of the pituitary. The structure is a peptide hormone (protein from a chemical point of view).
In the body of growth hormone performs numerous and varied functions. It turned out that the stimulating effect of growth hormone is not direct, but is associated with the formation of factors secreted by the liver. These factors serve somatomedins formed in the liver under the action of growth hormone. The main among somatomedinis is somatomedin C, which in all body cells increases the rate of protein synthesis, which in turn leads to stimulation of cell division.
Hormon of growth is called for the fact that in children and adolescents, as well as young people with still not closed zones of growth in the bones, it causes a pronounced acceleration of linear (long) growth, mainly due to the growth of long tubular limb bones.
In adults, the pathological increase in the level of somatotropin or long-term administration of exogenous (comes from outside) somatotropin in doses, characteristic of the growing organism, leads to thickening of bones and developed damn items, an increase in the size of the language, the growth of the cartilage (for example, an increase in the nose) — the so-called acromegaloid structure of the skeleton.
Somatotropin has a powerful anabolic and anti-catabolic effect, that is, enhances protein synthesis and slows down its decay, and also helps to reduce the deposits of subcutaneous fat, increased fat combustion and increase the ratio of muscle mass to fat. In addition, somatotropin takes part in the regulation of carbohydrate exchange — It causes a pronounced increase in blood glucose levels, and is one of the conjunctional hormones, that is, insulin antagonists by carbohydrate metagon exchange. In hypoglycemia (reduction in blood glucose) The level of somatotropin in the blood increases sharply — This is one of the natural physiological mechanisms of rapid hypoglycemia correction.
To manifest anabolic and fat-burning actions of somatotropin on cells, it is necessary, in addition, the presence of sex hormones and thyroid hormones. This explains the delay in linear growth and the lag of the physical development of children and adolescents with hypogonadism (insufficiency of sexual hormones) and with hypothyroidism (thyroid failure).
Somatotropin also has a modulating effect on some functions of the CNS, being not only an endocrine hormone, but also with a neuropeptide, that is, by the protein who participates in the regulation of the CNS activities. Somatotropin has been shown to improve memory and cognitive functions, especially in patients with pituitary nanism (the insufficiency of the somatotropic function of the pituitary gland), and that the introduction of somatotropin can improve the mood and well-being of patients with low somatotropin in the blood — not only patients with clinically pronounced pituitary nanism, but also, for example, depressive patients.
