What is hyperthyroidism? How to diagnose the disease? How is the treatment of hyperthyroidism? Read the answers to questions in the article.
Content
What is hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism -
A group of diseases in which the thyroid gland begins to allocate
their hormones in much larger quantities than the normal
Healthy person.
It can be said that hyperthyroidism is the state of reverse hypothyroidism:
If with a decrease in the level of hormone thyroid gland all processes
in the body slow down, with hyperthyroidism, the body works
With increased intensity.
Causes of hyperthyroidism
More
In 80% of cases, the cause of hyperthyroidism is diffuse toxic
goiter (Basedova disease) - the disease of the thyroid gland at which it
increases in size and starts to generate excessive amounts
Gormons.
Another reason - multiple nodes are formed in the gland, whose cells are extracted extra hormones (plaster disease).
Third -
Only one node is growing in the gland, highlighting a large amount
Hormones - this condition is called toxic adenoma.
Less often in hyperthyroidism are to blame:
- increased iodine intake;
- overdose of thyroid hormones in the treatment of hypothyroidism;
- Pickup diseases.
Excessive
The number of thyroid hormones in the body leads to a violation
metabolism, changes from cardiovascular,
digestive systems and others.
Patients with hyperthyroidism worries:
Changes in psyche: Filming, excessive excitability, fast mood change, insomnia;
- Increased sweating, feeling of heat;
- weakness;
- reinforced heartbeat, feeling of interruptions in the heart, shortness of breath;
- trembling, which is especially noticeable on the fingers of the elongated hands;
- Pulpness
eye, swelling and the appearance of bags under the eyes, swelling of the eyelids,
the inability to concentrate the look at the subject, the bone in the eyes;
- weight loss;
- Frequent Ponos.
Dangerous
Complication of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) is thyrotoxic
Crisis - a state of threatening life. Provoke it may absence
treatment of hyperthyroidism, severe mental injuries, infections and any
Surgical interventions.
Person appears vomiting
and diarrhea, up to 40 degrees increase body temperature, dramatically decreases
blood pressure can break the corded rhythm. Then
comes the loss of consciousness, the patient falls into someone.
Treatment of thyrotoxic crisis is carried out in resuscitation.
How to diagnose hyperthyroidism
The diagnosis establishes an endocrinologist based on the examination of the patient and the implementation of a number of studies:
- study of the level of thyrotropic hormone (TTG), thyroid hormones in the blood (thyroxine, triiodothyronine);
- Ultrasound thyroid gland
Allows you to estimate the size of the gland and its structure, with ultrasound
Research with a special sensor is evaluated and blood flow
in the gland (color Doppler mapping);
- Thyroid scintigraphy: allows you to identify how different thyroid departments work (including nodes);
- In some cases, it may be necessary to conduct a puncture fine champion biopsy of the thyroid gland.
How to treat hyperthyroidism
Treatment of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) depends on the cause, which caused it, and may be medicated or surgical.
Therapeutic
Treatment is to appoint special tools overwhelming
excessive activity of the thyroid gland. As a rule, treatment of similar
drugs are contraindicated with pregnant and nursing women. During
years after treatment need to be protected from pregnancy.
Surgery
Especially shown in nodes in the thyroid gland. Operation is performed
Under anesthesia. Nodes or part of the gland are removed. With modern technique
performing the operation of the seam is practically not noticeable. Performance
Restores for 3-5 days.
And therapeutic,
and surgical treatment effectively allows you to completely eliminate
Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. In some cases, after treatment it is necessary
Long-term reception of small doses of thyroid hormones.
It is impossible to get rid of hyperthyroidism!
