Makulyodistrophia - a disease that, alas, while not in all cases, it is good to treat. However, you can suspend the development of this ailment. And very simple ways. Read more about this in this article.
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If with age you began to notice that the eyes are no longer so acute, as before: the items have become vague, straight lines look wavy, and when reading and writing requires more vivid lighting than before, it is probably the creation of maculyodistrophy.
This is a violation of the central field of the retina, in which the progressive loss of vision occurs.
It is believed that the main cause of the disease is the natural process of aging of the body. The mechanism of the development of maculyodistrophy is launched, as a rule, after 60 years. Due to dystrophic disorders in the central part of the retina - Makula (translated from Latin - «spot») visual acuity begins to decline.
As a rule, a person does not notice the moment when the disease began, as it develops gradually. First, he appears increased sensitivity to light, then taming the view, violation of the outlines of the surrounding items. Over time, it becomes difficult to read: In the center of the field of view, a stain with a blurred image appears. In the later stages of the disease, a person no longer distinguishes the features of the interlocutor.
Everything that a person sees is gross contours and contrasts of illumination, and it may later come full blindness.
Maculyodistrophy develops due to disorders of nerve cells in the yellow spot of the retina (macule) responsible for the severity of central vision. There may be several reasons for any: transferred injury, infectious and inflammatory eye diseases, high myopia. But the main one is considered sclerosis of vessels and arteriosclerotic changes, as well as blood circulation disorders in retina capillaries. That is why maculyodistrophy is often called sclerotic and develops in old age.
Especially subject to maculyodistrophy of women and people with high cholesterol in blood.
Scientists came to the conclusion that free radicals are also played in the development of maculyodistrophy - high-active harmful molecules play. During normal metabolism, they are destroyed as an intermediate product. However, with age, the activity of the antioxidant system decreases, and free radicals can damage the sensitive cells of the retina, thereby provoking impairment.
Smoking increases the likelihood of maculodyfia 3 times.
Nature has created a mechanism of self-defense against oxidative stress, a leading role in which micronutrients play. These are special substances that have antioxidant properties and are part of some vegetables and fruits. Such as vitamins C and E, microelements zinc and selenium, carotenoids Lutein and Zeaxanthin. Micronutrients have important quality - they are able to neutralize free radicals, destroying eyes. Therefore, elderly patients who have the body's protective forces are weakened, doctors recommend that it is advisable to eat, and also advise adoptive drugs containing micronutrients for the prevention and treatment of Macula age degeneration.
Macula degeneration begins due to circulatory disorders in the retina vessels, as a result of which photosensitive nerve cells are destroyed, and a stain appears in front of the eye. Over time, it becomes more until the central vision completely illers. At the same time, new blood vessels with an infallible wall begins to grow towards the yellow stain, as a result of this, the vision is quickly worse.
Makulyodistrophy is two types - dry and wet. Wet is most dangerous and threatens full loss of vision. The first sign is the optical distortion of direct lines: the patient sees them wavy. This effect occurs due to fluid that proceeds from newly formed vessels under the yellow spot. It smears and shifts nerve cells in Makula, because of what the form of items is distorted. At the same time, the vision decreases very quickly.
Dry maculodystrophy, on the contrary, is characterized by a gradual slow impairment of view. It is quite often developing first only on one eye, and it is impossible to predict when the disease will affect the other. The first sign of the dry dystrophy of Makula is a slight decrease in view, which is especially noticeable when reading. For painstaking, such as embroidery or sewing, more vivid lighting is required than before.
Often a person does not notice impairment of vision, especially if it affected only one eye, and the second still copes with small work.
Dry maculodistrophy develops due to metabolic disorders between retina and intraocular vessels, which leads to the accumulation of cellular productivity products that are deposited under the retina in the form of microscopic tubercles.
Due to the diagnosis «Macouture» The patient needs to regularly undergo an inspection at the oculist to keep the situation under control. This allows you to see the growing newly formed vessels and distribute them in a timely manner with the help of laser surgery.
Unfortunately, the effective treatment of this disease does not exist. It is possible only to suspend and stabilize its development. With a dry form of maculodystrophy, preparations and food additives are very effective, including zinc and antioxidants. Since often the cause of the alend is sclerosic vessels, patients need to constantly monitor arterial pressure, coagulation and blood composition. Patients are also recommended to wear sunglasses, especially in sunny weather, use devices to adjust vision.
