What is hallucinations? What are there hallucinations? How to diagnose hallucinations? What should be emergency assistance in the attacks of hallucinations? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Hallucinations
During hallucinations, the patient perceives objects that
Reality do not exist as the real objects of the surrounding world.
Distinguish auditory, visual, taste, olfactory hallucinations and
Hallucinations of a coherent feeling. More often than others are varied
Hearing hallucinations. Patients hear calls, knock, separate unclear
Sounds, words, phrases, conversations of one or more faces. Voices are there
Loud and quiet, familiar and unfamiliar, the content of them is more often unpleasant
For the patient: they scold him, threaten, claim to punish or
cause any harm to the patient or his loved ones. Often audacious
hallucinations are imperative (ordered), and often the patient
They unconditionally obey.
Vigilant hallucinations as well
diverse: from the vision of sparks, smoke, flame to more complex when
Before the eyes of the patient, colorful paintings of the war, fire,
Flooding and pr. Visual hallucinations can be frozen,
fixed or, on the contrary, constantly changing how on stage or in
movie. The content of them is predominantly unpleasant, only in some
Cases of visual hallucinations cause a sick feeling
Pleasure. Taste hallucinations usually coexist with
olfactory: patients feel smells rotten, feces, pus, food
Acquires disgusting taste. With general feeling hallucinations (or,
how they are otherwise called, bodily hallucinations) patients are experiencing
Unpleasant sensations in different parts of the body: it seems to them that they are broken,
Tweed, passes electric current and t.NS. In contrast to the described
True hallucinations with so-called pseudogalucinations occur
the same phenomena, but they have the character of alienity, violence, «Motion». Often the patients say that they hear voices not on
distance from ourselves, and inside the head, «inland ear» Or see
something not before your eyes, but behind the eyes, «inner ocom».
Diagnosis of hallucinations
It is almost important to distinguish hallucinations from illusions. If the patient
It seems that the cabinet standing in his room changed its outlines and became
similar to the bear or hanging on a coat hanger it seemed
outlines of the human figure, then these are illusions. But if the sick
argues that he sees animals, people, etc., Indicating at the same time in the empty
space, or declares that he hears the voices of some people when
There is no one near anyone, in these cases we are talking about hallucinations. Illusions
- Distorted perception of a really existing object. With illusions
man, making sure his mistake, willingly agrees with what he
This «It seemed»; With hallucinations, all attempts to prove the patient
The fallacy of his statements turn out to be unsuccessful.
If illusions
There are healthy people when, for example, a frightened person
It seems that he sees the attached figures around the corner, then hallucinations
are an undoubted sign of mental illness and require
emergency care. By the behavior of the patient, you can attentive
observation establish the presence of hallucinations. It has great
practical value, because there are cases when patients, fearing
premises in a psychiatric hospital or for some nonsense
considerations, try to hide, dissimulate their hallucinatory
Experience. Hallucinating patient focuses, alert. He
intently peers into space, something intense
listens or silently moves his lips, answering his imaginary
Interlocutors.
Sometimes hallucinations in the patient occur episodically. IN
these cases they are short-term and important not to miss the period
Hallucination. Mimica patient often complies with content
hallucinations and reflects surprise, anger, fear, horror, less often joy,
Admiration, delight. With more pronounced hallucinations patients out loud
meet hearing voices, stuck your ears, clamp the nose, grumble
Eyes or disgust spooled food, hide under the blanket,
Fight from imaginary monsters. Under the influence of ordering (imperative)
Hearing hallucinations Patients often jump out of the window, pop up
on the go from the train, attack others. In an isolated video
hallucinations are relatively rare. Usually they are
part of various psychopathic syndromes, most often
Combining with different shapes of nonsense.
The appearance of hallucinations, especially at the beginning of the disease, usually shakes
the patient is accompanied by a sharp excitation, fear, anxiety that
Causes the need to provide urgent therapy.
Emergency assistance in the attack of hallucinations
Built under the general principles of excitation and treatment
hallucinatory-delusional states. At the same time, it must be considered
The nature of the disease in which hallucinations develop. So,
visual hallucinations during feverish condition (feverish
Delium) or with white hot (alcoholic delirium)
require different therapeutic tactics aimed at treatment
Diseases in general. Proponial assistance should provide security
patient and surrounding, prevent dangerous actions caused by
Fear, anxiety, excitation. Therefore, measures for the supervision of patients
acquire paramount importance, especially when acute
hallucinatorial state. They do not significantly differ from alcohol
Events when delirium. Medical assistance is aimed at reducing the excitation and affective disorders.
In psychiatric institutions needed in cases where
Hallucinatorial (hallucinatory-delusional) syndrome is not due to
Serious somatic disease. In the latter case, treatment with
compliance with all precautionary measures should be carried out with
the participation of a psychiatrist doctor in place or translated into a psychosomatic
Department. Transportation of patients is carried out in accordance with
The basic principles of transportation of patients with impaired psyche.
