Common fractures in children. Fracture of ribs, fracture of the clavicle and spine... How to behave in a situation before the arrival of emergency to facilitate the condition of the child?
Content
Fracture of the Child
Very often children meet clavicle fractures. Namethey are in the fall on the side surface of the shoulder or on the stretchThus hand. Determine the fracture of the clavicle is usually not difficult, as it is located directly under the skin. In children of the first 3 years of life, most often there are incomplete fractures of the clavicle. Parents may not notice them or symptoms of the fracture (a child of 2-3 days does not raise the sore hand) explain otherwise - simple injury. Only when on the site of the growing fracture by the end of the 7-8 days there is a dense swelling - bone corn, baby so farcall a doctor, he sends a child to X-ray examinationand only then is diagnosed - fracture.
If a fracture has occurred with a displacement, a child withNimatas forced position: his body is tilted aside byHe supported the injured, movement in the shoulder joint, is dramatically limited due to pain. When first aid, it's enough hand to hang on a bowku or what is better to feed her to the body.
Fracture of the shoulder bone in a child
Fracture of shoulder bone in children - serious injury, she iskayt when falling on the elbow, on an elongated arm or when you hit the shoulder. Distinguish fractures of the upper end of the shoulder bone, mediaher third and lower end. When a fracture with a displacementbones are observed: deformation, abnormal mobility, crunch, swelling and hemorrhage. Hand hangs along the body, «like a whip», It is impossible to move it. However, with substitute neRelomes are not expressed by all the symptoms, and it can lead toGnostic error.
The most severe injuries occur during fractures in the lower end of the shoulder bone. Frankings are often shifted to a big racesStanding, the articular bag is damaged and quite often vessels and nerves. With an increasing edema, blood circulation in the injured limb is disturbed, which can end its exfigureLessa and death. Therefore, it is necessary to urgently shy the hand, over the next hour to the place of the fracture, impose cold and transport the child into a traumatological hospital.
From the fractures of bones of the forearm in young children, the most typical of the dorms and substitute fractures. Can break through both both bones (radiation and elbow) and one of them. When fractures in the middle third of the forearm, more often can be seen an angular deformation, with fractures in the lower third with the displacement of fragments - «pine-shaped». Most convenient transport tire for preShoulder in young children is cardboard. Tire can only be superimposed on forearm and navigate, it is desirable toSonka.
Fracture ribs in a child
Fractures of ribs take place rarely because of the elasticity of edgeFrame and good depreciation during the impact of the chest. With isolated fractures, the child complains of pain in the place of injury, sharply amplifying with cough, deep breath, sneezing. Kid spares damage damage, takes forcedposition reluctantly moving. With a significant displacement of the broken rib, light fabric may be damaged. For OkaFirst Aid Warming Tight Bintuten Chest (Suitable and Towel). Byspetion allows you to reduce its movements when breathing. Carefully, urgently, in a half-visit the situation of the child should be delivered to the hospital.
The fracture of the spine
Spinal fractures in infants are not found, at an early age they are possible when falling from a high height (from okat home, from the balcony) or in road accidents. SpinalThe nickname of a small child is more than 30% consists of cartilage cloth. It gives him great flexibility, and when trauma is well absorted. In cases of accidents, the chest spine suffers mainly, and the compression (due to compression) is a fracture of one or two vertebrae. The main symptoms of injury are: constant moderate pain in the areadamage, restriction of the mobility of the spine, and in moMent injury - difficulty with breathing (within a fewKund child can not sigh). The patient must be urgently delivered to the hospital in the position of lying where the renewGeneral Study.
Fracture bone pellets in a child
The fracture of the bones of the pelvis is one of the most severe injuries, often withaccompanying shock and damage to internal organs. The pelvis in young children is very durable and elastic. In order to break it, a very strong blow is needed. That is why such neReliems are found mainly during road traffic accidents, when falling from a high height. From internal opGanov Most often suffer from the urethra and bladder. The child after injury is in serious condition, contact with it is difficult. He often accepts forced poloso-called «Pose Frog» - Feet divorced and bendYou are in hip and knee joints. Characterized by symptom «stuck heels» - The kid is not able to lift the leg with the postLie. Pain in the bone of the pelvis, bruises in the groin area or above the pubic, the inability to obey independently - typicalSigns of severe pelvis injury. Victim in no wayTea can not be turned on the side, plant and put on his feet. Best Type of Transportation - On Shield. Under bent and divorced colaNeither put a roller made from a folded blanket. This is poloValves ensures the relaxation of the pelvic muscles, reduces pain inLissel fracture and prevents further displacement of fragments. To weaken the pains you can give analgin. In winter, the childka need to wrap well because cooling aggravates shock.
Fracture of femur in a child
Fracture of the femur in young children most oftenkayt when falling from height or during mobile games (skating on sledding, swings, bike and t. D.). With displacement fracturesWe have all signs of damage: pain, impaired limb function, abnormal bone mobility, crunch, deformation, swelling. However, in the case of a donom, all these signs are smoothed - the shape of the leg does not change, there is no crunch and mobility of fragments. RebbeNok can even lift the leg, but does not come to her. When providing first aid, immobilization of all three large Sustakes of the lower limb-hip, knee and towerstop. Short tire imposition only in the length of the hip isa rough mistake, since it does not possess rest for the injured leg. For shining take two thin boards width 5-6 cm. The length of one - from the axillary depression to the heel, the other - from the crotch to the heel. Tires wrap with cotton and fix binTami. The long bus is placed on the outer surface of the leg and the body, short - on the inner surface of the leg. Convenient plywood smells. Cardboard cannot be used - it does not provideLocking fracture. In cases where no auxiliaryno materials are not, you can navigate the victim to the head to healthy. Remember: When transporting a child with a fracture of the femur without shining, shock is possible. Winter patient need to warm. During delivery to the hospital, the child does not followblows to feed, as it can prevent anesthesia when applying stretching.
Fracture of the femur (as well as the shoulder) in an infant may occur with rude swarenia. Such fractures most often occur in children, rickets. Child screechingmarks pain, becomes restless, refuses the chest. It ceases to move the leg, in place of the fracture appearsDullness due to hemorrhage. After fixing the injured feet of the child should be delivered to the hospital.
The fracture of the tibia in a child
Among the fractures of the bones of the leg, the fracture of one is more commonNoah tibia, less often - both bones. In early age children, the fracture of the Tibial bone is usually sustained-stiction. Parents pay attention to the fact that the child is not onSteps on the leg. And it is often the only sign of the fracture. Kids do not always specify a sore place and just complain about pain in the leg. Only with careful and careful feeling can be detected damage. In such cases, necessarily aboutwater radiographic research - otherwise putWile diagnosis fails. When fractures with displacement observationDeformation, swelling, abnormal mobility, loss of limb function, as well as hemorrhage and pain.
