Dementia or dementia is not a disease, but the state of psyche. Many are faced with irritability, lack of memory and attention from close older people. But not everyone knows that this is the first signs of approaching dementia.
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Dementia is accompanied by a decrease in cognitive activity. Knowledge and skills ever purchased are lost. However, the acquisitions of new does not occur, so the life of such a person is as difficult as possible. Gradually, as the disease progressing, a sick person deprives the opportunity to independently serve himself. For such a person, you need the same care as for a small child. No wonder people, patients with dementia, people say: «Put in childhood».
It may be about dementia if the following syndromes are present:
- Violation of short-term and long-term memory;
- Violation of critical thinking. The patient is not able to build real plans. He is not able to objectively assess the relationship with the surrounding.
- Violation of abstract thinking;
- Personal changes;
- Inability to cope with any home or professional duties;
- Lack of manifestations of delirium (disorder of consciousness).
- So called «Three A»: Afaja, apraxia, agnosia. Afaja is a complete or partial loss of speech, apraxia - violation of movements and actions, agnosia - violation of various types of perception (visual, auditory, tactile).
With a light degree of dementia, despite the fact that the ability to social communication and professional activity is violated, the patient still retains the ability to criticize the surrounding reality and complies with personal hygiene rules.
A man suffering from dementia in moderate degree is quite risky to provide himself. It takes from time to time to control it.
Patient dementia in serious degree does not understand what they say and does not speak himself. Personal hygiene rules for him do not exist, and supervision of it is required permanent.
- Lacooner - Most memory suffers. Patients in the end adapt to this making records that they are important. Personal features almost do not suffer. Behavior may change: tear appear, sentimentality, unmotivated mood differences. Such lacunar dementia is manifested in Alzheimer's disease.
- Total - manifests disorders both in the cognitive sphere and in the field of personality. The patient has a violated memory, abstract thinking, attention and perception. The core of the person is globally collapsed. Qualities disappear that make us people: delicacy, shame, sense of duty, politeness, correctness. The causes of this serve atrophic and vascular lesions of the frontal shares of the brain. As an example, the peak disease can be brought.
- Neurological and vascular diseases (Alzheimer's disease, acterosclerosis of brain vessels).
- Diseases of internal organs (chronic hepatic and renal failure).
- Inxication (alcohol abuse, arsenic poisoning and nitrogen compounds, which happens when working at industrial enterprises).
- Constant consumption of a large amount of drugs. This is mainly related to sleeping pills, antidepressants, hypotensive and antiarrhythmic drugs.
Dementia treatment is associated with the elimination or neutralization of its causes. When correction of a diet and lifestyle, some violations of cognitive functions can be reversible.
