What are the causes and symptoms of hydronephrosis? What is the forecast of the disease? How is hydronephrosis treatment? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Hydronephrosis, causes of hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis develops due to a violation of the outflow of urine and
Characterized by the expansion of a laughter-cup system, pathological
Changes in the interstitial tissue tissue and atrophy of its parenchyma.
Hydronephrosis of the right or left kidney occurs equally often,
bilateral - only 5-9% of cases of this disease.
Hydronephrosis can be congenital and
Acquired. The causes of congenital hydronephrosis are dystestesia
urinary tract; Congenital anomaly for the arrangement of the renal artery (or
its branches), squeezing the ureter; Congenital valves and strictures
ureter; Retrokatar location of the ureter; Ureterocele,
Congenital obstruction of the lower urinary tract. Causes acquired
Hydronephrosis are some urological diseases:
renal disease, inflammatory changes in the urinary system,
Traumatic narrowing of urinary tract, urinary tract tumors, tumors
prostatic gland,
Hydronephrosis is aseptic and infected. In the first case
Renal changes depend on the degree and duration
Diseases, in the second - as degree and duration
diseases and virulence (degree of patholation) infection. In the initial stages
kidney diseases outwardly differs little from a healthy organ,
Only the expansion of pelvis and cups is found. Increased
intra-catering pressure disrupts the kidney function, but these violations are still
Received and after elimination of obstruction, the kidney function is restored.
With a longer violation of the outflow of urine in the kidney develop
organic changes that are considered as obstructive
Interstitial nephritis. At the same time after eliminating the obstruction function
the kidneys is restored only partially. If infection occur
hydronephrosis, then interstitial jade goes into obstructive
pyelonephritis.
Symptoms, flow of hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis can develop for a long time
asymptomatic, and only the joining of such complications as an infection,
The formation of a stone in Lohanka or traumatic damage to the affected
kidneys cause the first symptoms of the disease that gives grounds for
Studies of the urinary system. In most cases hydronephrosis
manifests pain in the lumbar region. Pains wear a kidney character
Colic with typical localization and irradiation (return) by
The move of the ureter in the inguinal region, in the testicle in men and outdoor sex
organs in women, thigh or crotch.
Kidney colic attacks are more characteristic for the initial stage
Hydronephrosis. In the future, when the wall of the lochank and cups is partially
replaced by connecting tissue, locher and cups lose the ability
actively shrink, hydronephrosis is manifested by stupid pains in the lumbar
Region. Pain in hydronephrosis, as in nephrolithiasis, may occur
And in the afternoon, and at night, no matter what side sleeps with the patient.
The last symptom is important for the differential diagnosis of hydronephrosis with
Nephroptosis in which patients prefer to sleep on a sick side.
When obstruction of the upper urinary tracts of Disuria usually does not happen
It occurs only during the attack of pain.
Another important symptom
Hydronephrose hematuria (blood in the urine). Macroscopic hematuria is observed in 20%
Patients with hydronephrosis, microhematuria is significantly more. Raising
Temperatures during the amplification of pain in the lumbar region
Testify the accession of infection. Touch the enlarged kidney
It is possible only with very large hydronephrosis. More informative
The method of study during hydronephrosis is chromocystoscopy,
which is detected significant delay or absence
Elimination of Indig Cammamin on the side of the affected kidney. X-ray
The study of the kidney is a mining method for diagnosing hydronephrosis.
Review Radiograph makes it possible to determine the sizes of the kidneys and
detect stones if they are. On a series of intravenous urograms
It is possible to note the slow motion of the contrasting solution in
Extended Lohank (Lohanks) and Cups. On the urograms are visible
Expanded, Rounded Shape Lohanka, Extended Cups. At
significant violation of the kidney function Contrast solution can
accumulated in sufficient concentration only after 1 toh or not at all
stand out with a sick kidney. Thus, intravenous urography
Allows you to diagnose and the stage of disease from pyelozktasia to
Giant hydronephrosis with the loss of kidney function. Additional
Diagnostic methods that significantly clarify data
Clinical X-ray methods are radionuclide renography
and kidney scan setting the degree of violation of the kidney function
(kidney).
Due to the similarity of the symptoms of hydronephrosis should be differentiated from
renal disease (not complicated by the development of hydronephrosis)
which radiologically detects only the kidney stone, from
Nephropotosa, in which pain occurs when driving, patients
prefer to sleep on a sore side, the shifting kidney is trying to
Patient position standing, and on radiographs performed in position
Lying and standing, a significant kidney mobility is detected. With a tumor
kidneys, unlike hydronephrosis, palpable kidney dense and buggy.
In case of polycystosis, buggy kidneys are tested on both sides. Hydronephrosis kidney in pregnant women proceeds identical.
In all these cases, in the differential diagnosis of hydronephrosis on similar states, the leading role belongs to radiological research methods.
Treatment and hydronephrosis forecast
Treatment
hydronephrosis surgical. It is important to spend in the early period when
elimination of urinary tract obstruction not only prevents further
Anatomical changes, but also leads to improved kidney function. IN
The treatment of infected hydronephrosis is an important place
Antibacterial therapy under the control of urine and research crops
Microflora on sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.
Forecast. Double-sided hydronephrosis when the residual content is increasing
Nitrogen in the blood and other homoseostasis disorders leads to chronic
renal failure.
