What is acute and chronic heart failure? What is the treatment of heart failure. Read more in the article.
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Acute heart failure
Acute heart failure is a rapidly developed reduction in the contractile function of the heart, due to which the heart cannot work in the right mode.
The main symptom of acute left left vessels can be called heart asthma. Cardiac asthma is an attack of unexpectedly upcoming shortness that goes into the suffocation. The attack of cardiac asthma usually occurs during sleep, sick wrecks from a sharp feeling of lack of air and fear to die. In parallel with this there is a strong cough, shortness of breath, burdened breathing makes the sick or get up. Skin covers near the sick at first pale, and then stain in a bluish color. A dry cough can be observed with a slight amount of sputum in which blood admixture is observed. Wet selection may become more intense, up to a strong foamy sputum.
Such a condition can be dangerous for the formation of an enemy. There is also the right-hand sharp insufficiency of the main symptoms of which are edema on the limbs. With the horizontal arrangement of the diseased edema, also visible on the back or side. The sickness increases the heartbeat, the swollen veins are becoming visible on the neck. There are pain in the right hypochondrium
Reasons acute heart failure can be:
- hypertonic disease,
- Aortic vices of the heart,
- Myocardial infarction,
- myocarditis,
- Aneurysm left ventricle.
Chronic heart failure
Chronic Heart Failure Frequent Complication of Cardiovascular Diseases. Any heart disease leads to a decrease in the ability of the heart to provide the human body with a sufficient influx of blood.
Increasing heart failure with time exceeding the threat to the life of the illness of the disease itself, which provoked it the very heart failure.
Most often chronic heart failure cause:
- coronary heart disease,
- Myocardial infarction,
- arterial hypertension,
- Cardiomyopathy,
- Valves of heart valves.
As a rule, chronic heart failure is formed slowly. The degree of its development consists of a large number of stages. The patient heart disease leads to an increase in the load on the left ventricle.
Some time the body helps the heart to cope with the arisen:
- Changes the number of blood hormones,
- Small artery shrink,
- The work of the kidneys is changed,
- The work of lungs and muscles changes.
With the further development of the disease, the stock of such capabilities of the body is depleted, and the heart beats more. It does not have time to swing all the blood at first of the big circle of blood circulation, and then from the small. There is a shortness of breath, as a rule at night in the lying position. This is the consequence of stagnation of blood in the lungs. Due to the stagnation of blood in a large circle of blood circulation, the sick freeze hands and legs, swelling arise. At first they arise exclusively on their feet, and by evening they become common. The liver is becoming more and pain in the right hypochondrium. In case of inspection, cyanosis is found in the patient - a bluish shade on the limbs. When listening instead of two tones of the heart, it is listened to three. This is called «Rhythm Galopa».
Treatment of heart failure
The main goal in the treatment of heart failure is to increase the duration of the patient's life, as well as to improve the quality of his life. First, trying to treat the main disease that provoked this condition. Surgical treatments are prescribed quite often. In the treatment of direct heart failure, it is important to reduce the load on the heart and increase its contractility. The patient is recommended to reduce physical exertion, relax more. Reduce in its diet consumption of salt and fat. To refuse from bad habits.
Previously, all patients were prescribed heart glycosides. At the moment, they are prescribed a little less often and not at the first stages of treatment, and when other drugs are unscrewed or the work of the left ventricle of the heart decreased by seventy five percent. Cardiac glycosides increase the performance of the heart muscle, facilitate the tolerance of physical exertion.
Over the past years, inhibitors of angiotensin glittering enzyme are considered to be the main drugs for the treatment of heart failure. These drugs provoke an increase in the arteries, reduce the peripheral resistance of the vessels, thereby facilitating the work of the heart to promote blood in them. They restore the changed function of the internal sheath of vessels. Inhibitors of angiotensin glider enzyme prescribe almost all patients. Beta blockers also prescribe some patients. They reduce the heart rate, thereby reducing the oxygen starvation of the heart muscle, reduce the pressure. Other classes of medical preparations are appointed. It is extremely important that the patient would add to a specialist in time and was under his supervision all the time.
