Colonoscopy, as well as any other endoscopic or x-ray study is the key not only to the correct diagnosis of inflammatory, tumor, autoimen and other proctological diseases, but also to their treatment.
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And the most important condition that ensures the effectiveness of the diagnostic colonoscopy and the safety of endoscopic intervention is the qualitative purification of the colon by its special training. After an excellent intestinal training in it, there should be no cartilage masses and liquids.
To do this, you need to execute two requirements. The first is a special, slicing diet. Second demand — It is a thorough intestinal cleansing, which can be performed in different ways. It must be remembered that the preparation — Diet and intestinal cleansing — must be performed in advance, and not directly on the day of the survey. So what is a sliced diet in front of the colonoscopy, and what can eat in front of the colonoscopy, and from what will have to refuse?
Let's start with the fact that the slag food includes those products that cause the intestinal swolish and the volume stool. It is necessary to exclude them for 2 — 3 days before survey. Diet before colonoscopy should not contain:
- Fresh vegetables and greens,
- Porridge and legumes,
- Fruits, Nuts, Berries,
- Black bread, milk, carbonated drinks and kvass.
The diet may include non-agricultural broths, low-fat boiled beef, bird, fish, fermented milk products, white bread from coarse grinding or non-adhesive cookies. On the eve of the survey, the last reception of food should be no later than noon. You can drink tea, mineral or simple water. Only tea is allowed for dinner. In the morning, food in front of the colonoscopy should consist exclusively from liquids, such as tea or water.
The second obligatory requirement of high-quality preparation for colonoscopy is a thorough intestinal cleansing. Until recently, the only way to do it was enemas. Many doctors still continue to use this method on the old way. But it has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the method are its simplicity, availability and low cost, because it is absolutely nothing.
Flaws — This is the inconvenience of self-conducting and need for assistant. A person who is trying to independently make an enema with 1.5 liters of water, has to simultaneously and control the fluid flow, and try to keep this fluid in the intestine. Therefore, often the procedure is made poor quality. In addition, the preparation of a patient for colonoscopy with the help of the emorrhoids in the presence of hemorrhoids or cracks of the mucosa of the rectum can cause additional trauma of the belonging tip. Therefore, today for a more comfortable and high-quality intestinal cleansing in front of colonoscopy use special laxatives received by defined schemes. The ideal preparation scheme must meet the following requirements.
The procedure must be effective and inexpensive, independently follow the patient or to increase medical personnel to a minimum. It should not exacerbate the severity of the intestinal diseases, to give side effects from other organs, lead to distortions of an endoscopic image, including its colors, outlines, reflections; Require special conditions, equipment and training staff, and if necessary, it can be carried out at home. All techniques should not be time consuming. It is impossible to somehow limit the use of dyes or other means of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment. Finally, it is unacceptable that as a result of some shortcomings in the preparation of the intestine, a damaging effect on endoscopic equipment. And all these conditions of high-quality training are equally important, there are no secondary requirements.
Inadequate preparation of the colon reduces the informativeness of colonoscopy and can lead to diagnostic errors. It increases the duration of the procedure and causes to resort to repeated endoscopic research. And if such situations arise, additional preparation and re-study are needed. All this causes not only moral, but also tangible material damage. After all, then the additional stay of patients in the hospital will be required, the excess consumption of drug preparations, disinfecting tools and so on.
Chemical methods of intestinal cleaning with laxatives are based on the properties of certain molecules to delay water in the intestine and accelerate the evacuation of its contents. Among these substances, the gold standard of the intestinal training is recognized as modern specialists. Macroogol is recognized. Macroogol-based preparations are produced in the form of Sasha, that is, packing bags containing powder. In addition to macrogol, it includes electrolytes that prevent violations of the body's water-electrolyte balance.
One package is dissolved in a glass of water. The solution begins to take such portions 18-20 hours before the start of the study. I emphasize that the main indication for the use of macrogol-containing drugs — This is not only preparation for endoscopic and radiological studies of the intestine, but also to intestinal operations. One of the most popular chemicals for the intestinal training is Lavaca — The only Russian drug, which includes macrogol. It seems to look like ordinary mineral water, so that it drinks extremely easy. At the same time, Lavacolas not only wins in price compared to imported drugs, but also surpasses them as preparation.
All modern preparations for preparation for colonoscopy or other methods of studies of the thick intestine in efficiency are superior to the traditional intestinal cleansing using enema or castor oil. But whatever method you have chosen, remember that it depends on the person himself whether the intestinal colonoscopy will be — Preparation of the patient for all rules is the key to an effective and informative examination.
Doctor gastroenterologist of the highest qualification category Boris Ivanovich Makracsov, to.M.N
