There is no single approach to the treatment of this complex pathology. However, it is clear that the forecast of the outcome of surgical treatment depends on such complicating factors as the duration of the existence of the retinal detachment, the magnitude and localization of the gaps and disruptions of the retina, the state of the vitreous body, the mobility of the retina. In the article, we describe modern approaches to the treatment of retinal detachment
Content
Before the operation
During the preparation for the operation, a few days before it, you need to make conventional blood and urine tests, an electrocardiogram, chest radiography, to conduct inspections from the dentist, otorolarningologist and therapist.
In the morning on the day of operation in the eye, droplets, expanding the pupil. You may also offer easy sedative to help relax and not worry.
In the operating room with you will be a surgeon, its assistant, an operating nurse, anesthesiologist and nurse anesthesis Sistka. Operations about retinal detachment are performed with shared and local anesthesia under the operating microscope.
What operations exist
The purpose of surgical treatment during retinal detachment is to detect the retinal rupture and its closure. To do this, there is inflammation (exposure to cold cryopsexy or laser) and the subsequent scarring in the field of retinal rupture. All this restores her tightness (integrity). To improve the sealing, it is rapprocheted by the Eye Apple shells by the following way: the special silicone fill with a cord, which presses the wall of the eye and brings the vascular sheath to the penetration.
Depending on the specific type of retinal detachment, the surgeon will choose one of the specific methods of operation or their combination:
- Local sealing in the retinal rupture zone is carried out in cases where the retina penetrated partially;
- Circular seals are used in more severe cases when the retina penetrated completely;
- Vitrectomy method, in which a changed vitreous body is removed from the eye and one of the necessary preparations are administered instead of it: saline, liquid silicone, perfluorocarbon compound in the form of a liquid or special gas, which from the inside pressed the retina to the vascular shell;
- Laseroigulation to limit the area of gap and thinned retinal sections.
The combination of these interventions is selected individually for each patient and depends on how much time has passed since the backlamp of the retina, what is it in magnitude, how many breaks in it, where they are located and t.D. Depending on the specific case, treatment can be carried out in one or more stages.
For the surgical treatment of heavy forms of retinal detachment, a combined alloretopsexy method is developed and successfully used, in which flexible elastic plants from the collagen copolymer fix the retina to the vascular shell and the scler with special nails.
Depending on the complexity of the operation within a few days after it, the patient can be kept in a certain position. For example, lying face down, on high pillows or do without them. The first 1 3 days experts are recommended to comply with bed.
