30 years ago, no one knew anything about rotavirus infection. The diseased diagnosed «Epidemic Gastroenteritis», About the causes of which were not taken to judge. What is now known about the disease?
Content
High temperature, runny nose, vomiting, stomach disorder - all this enough to parents «With the knowledge of the case» Could declare: «My child has intestinal flu». In fact, the reason for how much is called «intestinal flu», Is Rotavirus - the most real intestinal infection.
In fact, the rise of the incidence of rotavirus infection falls at winter, especially in the period from January to March. This is due to the fact that, unlike other acute intestinal infections, Rotavirus feels great at low temperatures. Why did we then talk about this disease now? Because in some cases, rotavirus infection is found in cold summer days. According to doctors, children aged from 1 to 3 years are most often susceptible to this. Before the year, babies have parental antibodies that prevent the virus penetration into the body. So breasts «insured» from rotavirus infection. But as soon as the child goes into another age group, the risk rises.
How can you pick up this infection?
Since the virus is widespread, unfortunately, it is not difficult to pick it up. This is the same disease «Dirty hands», which is transmitted from one person to another through household items, cooked food. Another probable and most common path of infection - through water: river, well and plumbing. The virus is not only good «Orders», It remains alive at zero temperature, but is excellent «swimmer» - can be long in the water, then falling into food.
How the disease is manifested?
From the very beginning, the disease can manifest itself a little runny nose and sore throat. Therefore, the patient and the attending physician often take Rotavirus for the AHR, and if a high temperature is added to this - for influenza. But this is just the beginning. The main spread of the virus begins in the gastrointestinal tract. He violates the digestive enzymes and it causes diarrhea. Incubation period from the date of infection - 1-4 days.
The disease begins sharply - with high temperature lifting (up to 39-40 degrees), which holds 1-2 days. In the first hours of the child begins vomiting. It can be sick within 3 days. To this symptom is joined by headache, lethargy, sometimes chills. On the same day or the next diarrhea appears - a frequent liquid watery chair - up to 20 times a day. In this case, abdominal pain is rare. In young children a chair can be normal, but discolored. Diaree duration - 5-6 days. Sometimes all this is accompanied by a light runny nose, but it is insignificant and quickly passes.
What to do?
Rotavirus infection ends most often by itself. Hospitalization is required only in severe cases when strong dehydration of the body occurs. Therefore, parents must ensure that their child does not happen to. To do this, you need to give a child a lot and often drink. And to restore the water-salt balance to give a regiment containing the necessary sodium, potassium organism, citrates. For this, 1 powder means must be dissolved in a liter of water, after which it is a child with small doses for 1-3 days until the liquid stool stops.
Some doctors pay great attention to this period a diet. Kinder baby needs often and small portions, food mostly boiled - porridge, vegetarian soups, vegetable puree, baked apples with sugar, dried bread. From the diet it is worth excluding all dairy products, and in a sharp period of the disease should not be given juices, meat products, broths.
It is clear that if you are in the city, then the problem can be solved simply: dial the number of clinics and call a doctor to the house. And if not? What doctor if you are 300 km from Moscow? But it is not necessary to scare. We must call a pediatrician from any nearby town. No need to be afraid that you will get a bad provincial doctor, even he will cope with Rotavirus.
You only need to confirm the diagnosis and write tablets. And after the sharp period passes - the temperature will decrease, vomiting and diarrhea will cease, - for 10 days, let the child have any enzyme preparations - for example, mezim-fortt or festal. It stabilizes the processes and work in the gastrointestinal tract (our digestive system). In general, a rotavirus infection at least once throughout life transfers each, and it passes alone, but without a trace.
What is a virus carrier?
We have already said that although the cure is usually running fast and successfully, it is possible to form a virus carrier that needs to be avoided. For example, according to some data, among adults, about every fifth is asymptomatic carrier of rotavirus and is a real threat to others.
How to avoid carriage?
It should be borne in mind that the child becomes most often a child, often ill-suffering intestinal infections. To some extent, children who simply often sick with any viral infections from the ARVI group (acute rotavirus infections) are more susceptible to this.
What is useful to know?
30 years ago, no one knew anything about rotavirus infection. The diseased diagnosed «Epidemic Gastroenteritis», About the causes of which were not taken to judge.
The opening of the Rotavirus is associated with the name of the Australian Researcher. Bishop, which was able to detect viral particles in the epithelial cells of the duodenum in people suffering from diarrhea.
In 1979, the World Health Organization (WHO) experts approved the term «Rotavirus», which got its name due to the similarity of the structure of the virus with the wheel (Rota - «wheel», lat.).
5 species of the virus were opened later - from A to E. Currently, most diseases are caused by the viruses of the group A, in which subgroups exist.
How to avoid disease?
Rotavirus quickly dies when boiling, and, in fact, the prevention measures are based on this - all drinking water must be boiled. The second board is even more simple - you need to regularly wash your hands.
If you occur in the family of rotavirus infection, you need to isolate the patient, to provide personal dishes, a towel.
Soon, obviously, the ability to prevent the disease by immunization will appear. Currently, the test of oral tetra-vaccine against rotavirus is underway, which includes weakened strains of 1-4 types of viruses.
