What is opistorhoz? How is the treatment of opisthorchoz? How is the prevention of opistorhoz? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
What is opistorhoz
Opisthorchosis is the infection of gloves - opistores.Liver trematodes (or
Saladers, ducts, which include and opistorchis) belong to
OpisThorchiidae family. Infection occurs when eating
infected fish.
In Russia and Ukraine, opisthorchosis, whose causative agent is a cat duct,
Commonly in the territories of Obi basins, Irtysh, Volga, Kama,
Dnipro. There are data on the presence of foci of small intensity on the tributaries
Yenisei, in the pool of the Urals, Northern Dvina.
Trematodes of liver - flat helminths length 5 -
20 mm, width 1 - 4 mm. Eggs allocated by opistors, small, up to 0.026 x
0.01 mm.
Opistorchis parasitize in bile ducts of liver and pancreatic ducts
glands of humans, pets (cats, dogs) and some wild mammals
(foxes, minks, ondatras and others.). Helmint's eggs with already formed larvae
Allocated to the external environment, and further development occurs in fresh water reservoirs
in mollusks and then in the fish of the carp family - roach (Vobla, Chebak), I,
Elets, Krasnopherka, Bream, Caras, Lin, etc.
After eating the contaminated fish, the larvae fall into the duodenal
the intestine from where they migrate into the bile ducts where they are within 3-4 weeks reach
puberty and begin to lay eggs. W
Eating raw or insufficiently thermally processed (bad
worn or poorly roasted) fish is usually distributed in areas located
near reservoirs. In particular, in the north-east of Thailand in areas located
Near the Mekong River on the border with Laos, where ethnic lazzians live, infection
opistors usually occur when eating dishes «Koi-Pla»,
prepared from raw fish minced meal mixed with garlic, lemon juice,
Fish sauce, pepper and rice.
Raw foods are relatively widespread
among the Lao, while Thais, Cambodian and the Chinese living in these
Areas, raw fish dishes are used in food significantly less often. In Korea,
China and Vietnam are also relatively widespread dishes from raw fish,
What leads to the infection with helminths. In particular, in some areas of Korea dish,
consisting of raw fish mixed with acute paste from beans, along with rice
Vodka is considered useful food, especially for men.
Customs of eating crude fish exist among the population of some
regions of Russia. Especially widespread raw foods are common among indigenous peoples
North, using fish in ice cream or a weakly salt form.
Most patients have no disease in the early stage of the disease or
There is only an increase in blood eosinophils.
Incubation period on average 2 - 3 weeks. Clinical options for the course of the early
Stages are diverse. Erased form is limited to a slight increase in temperature
up to 38 degrees. The disease begins suddenly. Main manifestations - fever
and pain in the right hypochondrium. Fever keeps 1 - 3 weeks with a maximum of up to 39
and higher.
The chronic stage is associated with the vital activity of parasites in bile ducts
Liver and pancreas. Between the digestive system
strong relationship. Therefore, although helminths are localized only in liver ducts
and sometimes the pancreas characteristic of opistorshis liver is
Pathology and other bodies of this system.
Opistorhosis chronic manifests predominantly symptoms of chronic
cholecystitis, duodenitis and pancreatitis.
Leading symptoms are pains in the upper half of the abdomen, mainly
In the right hypochondrium, nausea, bad tolerability of oily food, dryness and bitterness
in the mouth and others. Often, during long-term flow, depression is developing.
How is the treatment of opisthorchoz
Treatment of opisthorchosis must be complex. Manifestation of the chronic stage
due mainly by the defeat of the organs of the digestive system, therefore
Complex therapy is carried out, in particular choleretic,
Enzyme preparations, means affecting the tone and gastrointestinal motor
tract; Diet pattern.
Currently, the only means for specific therapy of opisthorchosis
is prasikvanttel.
Treatment of opisthorchosis is carried out by a praziquatel in a daily dose of 40 - 75 mg per 1
kg body weight appointed in 2 - 3 reception.
Prazicvantel is not recommended to prescribe to children up to 2 years.
Side effects. Headache, dizziness, weakness, temperature rise,
hives. As a rule, adverse reactions are poorly pronounced and do not require special
Treatment.
Folk treatments for opisthorchosis:
In front of the Snit on the grater of an apple or carrot. Mix 1 tea
Spoonful puree and 1 drop of birch tar. Swallow by writing water. Well
10-12 days.
2 st aphouses of the kora of aspen pour glass boiling water, boil 10-15
minutes, strain. Take 1 pt spoon 4 times a day 30 minutes before
food. Course 2-3 weeks.
Delight birch down according to the scheme: 1 day - 2 drops, 2 day - 4
drops, 3 days - 6 drops, 4 day - 8 drops, 5 day - 10 drops, 6 day
- 8 drops, 7 day - 6 drops, 8 day - 4 drops, 9 day - 2 drops.
Delet dissolve in a small amount of milk (30-50 ml) and take
1 per day.
Prevention of opistorhoz
The basis of the personal prevention of opisthorchosis is the exception to the food is undueracted
fish. Disinfection is achieved by heat treatment, freezing, smoking,
Soletia.
Some methods of fish processing, in which fish disinfection occurs
From opistorshis:
- freezing; freezing time 7 hours at a temperature in the body of fish -40°WITH;
32 h - at -28°WITH.
- Solving (NaCl) - Ambassador in salt with a tuzluk density from the first
Emboss Day 1.20 at 2°WITH; The duration of the ambulance from 10 to 40 days depending
From the mass of fish.
- Heating (cooking); not less than 20 minutes from the moment of boiling.
