Amyloidosis is a group of disease, the main cause of the occurrence, which is associated with the deposition of protein in the tissues of the body. Depending on the lesion, the localized and general forms of amyloidosis are distinguished.
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Forms of damage to the body during amyloidosis
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases that arise due to the deposition of certain proteins (proteins), called amyloid, in various organism tissues. The amyloid protein can be postponed in localized places and do not harm the tissues of the body. Such a form of amyloidosis is called localized amyloidosis.
Amyloidosis, which affects the tissue of the whole organism, is called common amyloidosis. Common amyloidosis may cause serious changes that can actually occur in any body body.
Amyloidosis may arise independently or «Secondary» As a result of another disease, including complex myeloma, chronic infections (such as tuberculosis or osteomyelitis), or chronic inflammatory diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis). Over time, amyloidosis can also spread to certain parts of the body. Such a localized form of amyloidosis does not give common complications on other parts of the body. Protein, which is postponed in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease, is the form of amyloid.
Common amyloidosis is classified by three main types that differ significantly from each other. There is a code consisting of two letters, which begins with the letter A (amyloidosis). The second letter of the code denotes protein, which is postponed in the tissues of this particular type of amyloidosis. Currently distinguish primary amyloidosis (al), secondary amyloidosis (AA) and hereditary (ATR).
In addition, other forms of amyloidosis include beta-2 microoglobuline amyloidosis and localized amyloidosis.
Features of primary amyloidosis
Primary amyloidosis, or al, occurs when a special bone marrow cell (plasma cell) suddenly produces an increased portion of protein, which is called a light chain. Deposits in the tissues of people with primary amyloidosis are al proteins. Primary amyloidosis may occur together with bone marrow plasma cell cancer, which is called complex myeloma. Primary amyloidosis is not associated with other diseases, but this is a disease that usually requires chemotherapy. Some researchers have proven the benefit of stem cell transplant as one of the methods of treatment of primary amyloidosis.
Features of secondary amyloidosis
When the amyloidosis occurs secondly as a result of another disease, such as, for example, complex myeloma, chronic infections (for example, tuberculosis or osteomyelitis) or chronic inflammatory diseases (for example, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis), such a state is called secondary amyloidosis or aa. Amoloid fabric, which is postponed with secondary amyloidosis, is called AA proteins. Treatment of people with secondary amyloidosis is aimed at treatment of the root causes of the disease of each individual patient.
Family amyloidosis
Family amyloidosis, or attra, is a rare form of hereditary amyloidosis. Amilide formation in hereditary amyloidosis consist of protein transtitine, or a truck that is formed in the liver. Family amyloidosis is called autosomal dominant in genetic terminology. This means that children born from parents with amyloidosis, there are 50% chance for the inheritance of this disease.
Beta-2 microoglobulin amyloidosis
Beta-2 Microglobulin amyloidosis occurs when patients undergoing dialysis procedures begin amyloid deposits. Amyloid deposits consist of beta-2 microoglobulin protein and are often located near the joints.
Local amyloidosis
Many forms of local amyloidosis are the result of amyloid deposits in special zones of the body, and differ from the general forms of amyloidosis that can be found throughout the body. Local amyloidosic deposits can be found in the brain due to Alzheimer's disease. With age, the amyloid can be developed locally and deposited in various tissues of the body.
