Atopic bronchial asthma - a severe allergic disease, which today suffers from at least 6% of people on the planet. Allergy can be expressed in one degree or another gravity of bronchial asthma. Presentation of light cough bronchial asthma is sometimes regarded as a clinic of chronic bronchitis, so the frightened patients are more often addressed to the doctor later, already having pronounced symptoms of the disease.
Content
Allergic bronchial asthma refer to the most severe, common manifestations of allergies. Today, about 6% of the population of the globe suffers from this disease in one severity. Among children, the incidence is higher and is about 20% in some areas. And you can only guess the number of small patients with a diagnosed diagnosis, because light bronchial asthma, the presentation of which reminds the clinic of chronic bronchitis, remains unaccounted.
The atopic form of bronchial asthma is manifested by a reversible obstruction (blockage) of bronchi, leading to the development of the attack of choking. Full description of asthma, as a chronic respiratory disease, was given by the Russian scientist g. AND. Sokolovsky back in 1838, today the palm of championship in the study of this form of allergies belongs to foreign specialists, international recommendations are used in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. What are the causes of development and pathogenesis of bronchial asthma? How to distinguish it from other forms of the disease? Let's try to figure it out.
Causes and pathogenesis of allergic bronchial asthma
The cause of the development of allergic bronchial asthma, as well as any form of allergies, is an increased sensitivity to a certain type of allergens. At the first collision with a stimulus in the human body, specific proteins are produced — Immunoglobulins that are fixed on bronchial fat cells. When a new portion of allergen falls into the body, obese cells are instantly reacting with emissions of special substances causing spasm and beams of bronchi, increasing the secretion of thick bronchial mucus. At the same time, the lumen of the bronchi is narrowed and the attack of suffocation begins.
The polyogenesis of bronchial asthma is based on an allergic reaction of an immediate type, that is, from the moment of contact with the allergen until the first symptoms of the disease pass a few minutes. For example, a patient with allergies on cat wool enters the house where the cat lives, and after 2-3 minutes he already unfolds a cough attack of bronchial asthma.
Development factors atopic bronchial asthma
In the development of an allergic bronchial asthma, contact with an allergen play a decisive role. In the role of allergen can be components of household chemicals, household ticks, accumulating in home dust, pillows, blankets, wool carpets, books. In the house where there are pets, their allergens: wool, scales of the epidermis, listening to the skin of a pet. Special danger represent mold mushrooms, incentive on the wallpaper, on a whitewash or a fugue in the bathroom and toilet.
Bronchial asthma as an answer to food allergies occurs extremely rarely, more often as cross reaction. So, when allergic to pollen birch, the attack of cough bronchial asthma can develop after a pair of eaten apples.
Naturally, not every person can develop an allergic bronchial asthma. A great role in the presentation of the disease plays a burdened heredity, that is, the presence of a genetically encoded predisposition to the disease. The presence of foci of chronic infection, patients with teeth, chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, hymorite also contributes to allergization of the body, no wonder the presentation of bronchial asthma often coincides with the exacerbation of the infectious disease. Unfavorable environmental situation, harmful working conditions, smoking, constant reception of drugs, improper, unhealthy food — All this affects the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.
Diagnosis of atopic bronchial asthma
All forms of bronchial asthma have the same manifestations, but their treatment is quite significantly different. To make sure that the attacks of the suffocation are caused by allergies, it is necessary to undergo a full examination at an immunologist's allergologist and a pulmonologist. Cash bronchial asthma in light shape — reason to appeal to the therapist or pediatrician.
The most important item for diagnostics is the search for allergen, which causes the development of suffocation. For this, the patient is prescribed skin and provocative samples with certain allergens, eliminational diet. Laboratory blood tests detect an increased level of immunoglobulins E, eosinophils, other typical changes are noted. The list of necessary research is quite large, and you can fully familiarize yourself with it by contacting the doctor.
