What is sarcoidosis? What are the symptoms of sarcoidosis? What is the forecast for sarcoidosis? How to treat sarcoidosis? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Sarcoidosis is a disease in which
Many organs form pathological clusters of inflammatory
cells (granulomas).
The cause of sarcoidosis is unknown. It may be a consequence of infection
or pathological reaction of the immune system; Perhaps playing a role
hereditary factors. Sarcoidosis is more often developing between 20 and 40 years
life and most widespread in Northern Europe. In Russia
The frequency of sarcoidosis is 11 cases of the disease per 100 thousand
residents.
Microscopic examination Piece of fabric taken in the patient,
Receives granulomas. They can or disappear completely, or turn
in scarsing fabric. Granuloma usually appear in lymph nodes,
lungs, liver, eyes, leather and less - in the spleen, bones, joints,
Skeletal muscles, heart and nervous system.
Many patients with sarcoidosis are missing symptoms; disease
detect randomly during the X-ray examination of the chest
Cells that are doing differently. Most people have symptoms
insignificant and do not progress. Heavy symptoms are rare.
Syrcoidosis symptoms are very diverse and dependent on localization
and the length of the defeat. Increased body temperature, weight loss and
Sustainacles may be the first manifestations of the disease. Increase
internal lymph nodes - frequent symptom, which man usually
does not notice; It is found in X-ray examination.
Temperature of the body can increase repeatedly during the disease.
As a rule, sarcoidosis is striking the lungs. On the X-ray of the chest
cells can be noticeable increased lymph nodes in a place where
lungs adjacent to the heart, or to the right of the trachea. Sarcoidosis causes
inflammation of the lungs, which in some cases leads to fibrosis and
The formation of a cyst causing cough and shortness of breath. Heavy damage
lungs can weaken the heart.
Sarcoidosis is often striking and skin. Disease usually
begins with the appearance of raised painful red nodules, more often on
the legs (knocked erythema), which is accompanied by an increase in temperature
bodies and pain in the joints. Long sarcoidosis leads to the formation
flat spots (plaques), towering plaques or knots under the skin.
Approximately 70% of patients with sarcoidosis are formed granulomas in the liver. They are
often do not manifest any symptoms, and the liver functions like
usually. Less than 10% of patients liver increased. Jaundice caused
liver dysfunction, rarely develops. Eyes are affected in 15% of sarcoidosis. Uveite (inflammation
internal structures of the eyes) leads to redness and pain,
breaks vision. Inflammation that remains for a long time,
may interfere with the outflow of the liquid from the eye, leading to glaucoma and
Next blindness. In conjunctiva (mucous membrane of the eyeball and a century)
Granulomas are formed. They are accompanied by symptoms, but conjunctiv -
Available plot, and a doctor can take a piece of conjunctiva with granuloma
for research. Some patients complain of dryness, inflammation and
Redness of the eye. Probably caused by disruption of tear
glands that are affected by the disease and do not produce sufficient for
Maintaining moisture of eye of the chicken fluid.
Granulomas that are formed in the heart cause angina
or heart failure. Those formed near the conductive
Heart systems are able to entail the deadly violations of the heart
Rhythm.
Inflammation can cause pain in the joints - common symptom
Sarcoidosis. The most often amazed joints of the hands and stop. If in Kostya
Cysts are formed, then the nearby joints become swelling and
Painful.
Sarcoidosis can hit the cranial nerves (head nerves), it
leads to foam in the eyes and asymmetry of the face. If the hypophysia is amazed
or those surrounding his bones, unacceptable diabetes. Pituitary
Changes to produce Vasopressin - antidiuretic hormone (ADG),
Required kidney to concentrate urine. As a result
Excessive amounts of urine and urination becomes
Frequent.
During sarcoidosis, high calcium concentrations are found in
Blood and urine. This is because granulomas produce
Active vitamin O, which enhances the absorption of calcium from the intestine.
The high level of calcium in the blood leads to the loss of appetite, nausea,
vomiting, thirst and excessive urine production. If the calcium level remains
High for a long time, the formation of renal
Calcium stones or deposition in kidneys and ultimately kidney
failure.
Diagnosis of sarcoidosis
Doctors most often diagnose sarcoidosis in characteristic
shading on the radiograph of the chest, and then further
Research is not required. Otherwise the diagnosis confirms
Microscopic examination Piece of fabric reveaning inflammation and
The presence of granulose. For cooking histological preparations better
Total suites of fabric made from changed skin sections,
enlarged lymph nodes located close to the skin, and
Granulomas in conjunctive. Study of the sample of one of these tissues
allows you to accurately determine the diagnosis of 87% of cases. It happens sometimes
We need a sample of light, liver or muscle fabric.
Changes similar to changes in sarcoidosis may cause
tuberculosis, so the doctor puts the skin tuberculin sample to
Eliminate this disease.
Diagnose sarcoidosis or evaluate its severity help
Determination of the level of angiotensin gluttering enzyme in the blood,
Microscopic examination of lungs and radionuclide
Research with Gallium. Many people have improved content
Angio-detergent enzyme. Lung flings with active
Sarcoidosis contain a large number of lymphocytes, but this feature
Characterized not only for this disease. Research with Gallium
Resets pathological changes in lungs or lymph nodes
patients with sarcoidosis of these organs, so when the diagnosis is doubtful,
resort to this method.
In case of pulmonary fibrosis, the functions of the lungs show that the volume
air that can accommodate lungs below. Blood tests
Reveal reduced number of leukocytes. Immunoglobulin level
Often it is raised. If the liver is amazed, the content increases
liver enzymes, especially alkaline phosphatase.
Forecast with sarcoidosis
Usually symptoms of sarcoidosis decrease or
Patients whose sarcoidosis did not spread beyond Almost 10% of patients with sarcoidosis develop serious consequences in
Most patients with sarcoidosis do not need treatment. Corticosteroids The effectiveness of treatment can be assessed using an x-center gene
pass without special treatment. More than 60% of patients with
Sarcoidosis of the lungs is not detected by any symptoms even after 9 years
After diagnosis. Increased lymph nodes in chest
the cell and the extensive inflammation of the lungs can disappear through several
months or years. More than 75% of patients having only enlarged
lymph nodes, and more than half of those who are also affected by the lungs,
recover for 5 years.
chest, have the best forecast than those who are also affected
Other organs. Patients with increased lymph nodes in chest
the cell in the absence of other manifestations of the lungs have a good
forecast. If the disease began with the appearance of noded erythema, the forecast
the best. Approximately 50% of patients have relapses.
The form of eye damage, respiratory system systems or other organs.
Fibrosis of the lungs leads to respiratory failure - the most frequent
The cause of death; The second in frequency of death is bleeding
Due to the inflammation of the lungs caused by the fungus Aspergillus.
Treatment of sarcoidosis
Assign to suppress heavy symptoms: shortness of breath, pain in the joints and
High body temperature. These medicines also apply in the following
Cases: Analyzes show a high level of calcium in the blood; Amazed
heart, liver or nervous system; Sarcoidosis causes minor
skin damage or eye damage in the absence of effect from the eye
droplets with corticosteroids; Lung disease continues to progress.
Those who have sarcoidosis asymptomatic, should not be taken
corticosteroids, even if some of the laboratory tests detect
Deviation. Although corticosteroids effectively affect the symptoms,
they do not prevent light fibrosis. About 10% of those patients who
Need treatment, corticosteroids do not help, and they are prescribed
Chlorambucil or methotrexate (chlorubutin), which can give good
results. Hydroxychlorocavine (Hin Gamin) sometimes helps in the treatment
Radiating skin damage.
Chest Studies, Research Light and Definition Functions
Calcium or angiotensin glossing enzyme in the blood. Them
repeat regularly not to miss relapses after
Treatment stopped.
