Psoriasis (scaly lisha) - chronic inflammatory skin disease, accompanied by the appearance of inflammatory races and peeling. Approximately 2-3% of the world's population suffers from psoriasis.
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What is psoriasis?
Name of the disease «psoriasis» comes from the Greek word «Psora», denoting «itch». Psoriasis are affected by the mucous membranes of the skin and joints. Psoriasis One of the common skin diseases that are sick at any age. However, about 70 percent of patients suffering from psoriasis are ill to 20 years.
The reason for the occurrence of psoriasis remains unclear. The most common viral, neurogenic, hereditary, exchange theory of the origin of psoriasis. But none of the existing hypotheses on the occurrence of psoriasis did not become generally accepted.
Scientific studies of recent years show that the psoriasis is based on a whole range of interacting factors, however, the fact of hereditary predisposition is undeniable. If one of the parents sick psoriasis, the risk of a child is 25%, if both parents are sick – 65%.
In psoriasis, in separate parts of the body, the upper layer of the skin die much faster than normal. At psori
AZE This process takes place in just 4–5 days, and usually the division cycle and ripening of skin cells occurs for 25–30 days.
In the development of psoriasis, launch factors that provoke the principle of the disease are of great importance:
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injuries (any skin damage);
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infectious diseases (flu, angina);
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improper nutrition;
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stress;
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reaction to medicinal preparations;
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climate change;
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Alcohol and DR.
Symptoms of psoriasis
The psoriasis is exacerbated, as a rule, in winter. At the beginning of the disease, psoriasis, in most cases, the rash is limited and is represented by single plaques in the places of favorite localization (the sip of the head, the extensive surface of the elbow, knee joints, the region of the sacrum, etc.).
Skin-affected leather, plaques, clearly excluded from healthy skin, bright pink or rich red color, covered with loose silver and white scales. Rashes are usually accompanied by peeling and painful itch. The symptoms of psoriasis weaken in summer, under the influence of sunlight, and in individual patients, disappear at all.
Characteristic for psoriasis is the so-called Phenomenon of Cebner – This is when psoriasis manifests itself on site injuries or scratches. With psoriasis, not only leather may suffer. Sometimes joints are involved in the process. The so-called psoriatic arthropathy (or psoriatic arthritis) develops.
Diagnosis of psoriasis
The diagnosis of psoriasis, with a typical clinical picture, is not difficult. Characteristic Psoriatic Triad (symptom of stearin stain, terminal film, point bleeding). Famous difficulties represent a differential diagnosis of arthropathic psoriasis with rheumatoid polyarthritis, especially in the absence of skin rashes.
The correct diagnosis of psoriasis can be facilitated by the indications of its presence in relatives. To clarify the diagnosis of psoriasis, it may be necessary to carry out skin biopsy. Psoriasis has the following clinical forms:
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Psoriasis Blyhane (the most common form of psoriasis) – manifests in the form of scattered, towering over the surface of the skin covered with flaxes of plaques located on the elbows, knees, the scalp;
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Psoriasis of the scalp – accompanied by rashes in hair growth zone, which are often accompanied by itching. Sometimes a strong peeling appears, which patients are mistakenly regarded as ordinary dandruff;
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Psoriasis is dropped – It is characterized by numerous small, scattered throughout the skin, rash covered with scales and more often develops in young people;
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Psoriasis nail – It is very often found, may not be accompanied by rashes on the skin;
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Psoriasis of skin folds – Middle depressions are affected, inguinal folds and anogenital region;
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Psoriasis palms and soles;
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Psoriatic erythrodermia (fusion of rashes into extensive foci of bright red, which occupy almost all skin). The skin becomes pinched, rough, infiltrated, red, with abundant peeling on the surface. In this form of psoriasis, peripheral lymph nodes increase, the temperature appears, there are changes from the blood (leukocytosis, increased ESO). The development of erythrodermia contributes to irrational, irritating therapy in the progressive stage of psoriasis;
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Arthropatic psoriasis (inflammatory diseases of the joints, usually affecting small joints of the brushes and stop). Skin symptoms arise to articular, but some patients are blamed first and sometimes there is a damage to the joints without skin manifestations. This is a severe disease that can lead to deformation of the joints, restricting the movement and therefore requires treatment not only in a dermatologist, but also at the rheumatologist;
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Exudative psoriasis – It is often developing in patients with diabetes mellitus and is distinguished by severe swelling and the brightness of psoriatic papules, the formation of scaly crusts of yellowish color on their surface due to the impregnation of their exudate.
Treatment of psoriasis
There are no funds for the total treatment of psoriasis, but there are many drugs and methods of treatment that can reduce and control Psoriasis, often for rather long periods of time. Psoriasis in itself can appear and disappear, often with long periods of remission. In most cases, however, psoriasis is constant.
The treatment of psoriasis is long, it is often necessary to an individual selection of therapy for a particular patient, since not all drugs act equally efficiently on all patients. In the lungs, limited manifestations of psoriasis are sufficient local outer therapy in the form of softening ointments.
Heavy forms of the disease require complex systemic treatment with the use of disintellation, desensitizing, anti-inflammatory drugs of different groups, physiotherapeutic methods of therapy, external preparations, etc. Psoriase requires constant observation of the dermatologist and systematic treatment. In recent years, photochemotherapy, hemosorption, plasmapherapise has been widely used to treat psoriasis.
Perspective methods of treatment of psoriasis. Significant improvement of psoriasis treatment methods. In addition to traditional schemes and methods, active efferent methods based on detoxifying and immunocorrorizing effects are developed.
Due to in-depth virological studies, indications are expanding to the use of antibiotics complex with antiviral agents. Suspended indications for use in psoriasis cytostatins and immunosupply drugs. Corticosteroid hormones are catering and maintained by corticosteroid hormones; the length of the general therapy of psoriasis and restricted their local application.
Already in the first years after the introduction of corticosteroids, their negative properties revealed. With a decrease in the dose and cancellation of the drug almost always and very quickly comes recurrence. To relieve exacerbation, a significant increase in the dose is required, accompanied by complications and side effects. It should be especially noted that in patients who received corticosteroids, relapses were faster, resistant to other methods of psoriasis therapy.
With the use of corticosteroid hormones bind the frequent cases of severe flow of pustular psoriasis. Based on the data obtained when studying the results of photochemotherapy, it became known that this method is one of the most effective in psoriasis.
Prevention of psoriasis
Psoriasis patients must be constantly consulted by the attending physician, getting supporting therapy in winter and early spring time, comply with a diet, with limited animal fats and carbohydrates, eliminate sharp dishes, spices, alcohol.
Psoriasis shows the resort treatment – hydrogen sulfide and radon sources (Matsesta, Tskhaltubo and DR.), sunbathing and sea bathing (Dead Sea – Jordan, Israel, Red Sea – Egypt), Psoriasis treatment by fish (Kangal, Turkey). Great importance in the prevention of psoriasis also has an ordering of the body, an increase in mobility, mobility in the form of therapeutic physical education or in the form of sports.
