During chronic pyelonephritis, periods of relative peace and exacerbation periods are distinguished. What is the cause of chronic pyelonephritis? What factors cause its aggravation, how it manifests and what to do if it happened?
Content
- Causes of development and exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
- Symptoms of exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
- What to do with the exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
Chronic pyelonephritis — Infectious inflammatory disease, characterized by the defeat of the cup-laughter system, tubules, and in the future the glomesome of renal vessels. Most often, the disease begins in childhood and is a continuation of acute kidney inflammation. The presence of essences of ureters, stones, chronic urine delay in the bladder and other factors that violate urine movement on urinary tracts contribute to the development of the disease.
Chronic pyelonephritis — Widespread illness, but the lifetime diagnosis is established only in third cases. The reason for the long-term hidden course of the disease, almost complete absence of external symptoms and specific laboratory signs. More often chronic pyelonephritis is diagnosed after many years after the start, when the kidney defeat leads to significant changes in the patient's state.
Causes of development and exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis — Infectious disease caused by mixed microflora: intestinal chopsticks, protematics, mycoplasma, staphylococci, streptococci and other bacteria. Pathogenic microorganisms are preserved in the kidney due to their ability to form stable forms that antibiotics and antiseptic drugs do not act.
Chronic pyelonephritis proceeds wave, remission periods are replaced by periods of exacerbation. Incooling infection contributes to supercooling, reduction of general immunity, movement of stones, urination delay, various urological manipulations.
Initially, one or more foci of inflammation is formed in the kidney, on the place of which scar cloth is formed. As the dissolution of the scars is becoming more and more, and functionally active renal fabric is less. The result of chronic inflammation often becomes «renal» Arterial hypertension and chronic renal failure.
Symptoms of exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
For a long time, chronic pyelonephritis flows sluggishly and affects the patient's condition. The exacerbations of the disease appear mainly weakness, increased fatigue, some weight in the lower back and a change in urine, which can be detected exclusively with a laboratory study.
As the chronic process progressing, the signs of exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis become weakness, decreased appetite, nausea, body temperature, cinema or chills, headache, dull pain in the lower back and top of the abdomen, painful and stripped urination.
The aggravation of chronic pyelonephritis is often accompanied by a pallor, swelling of the face, hands and feet, in severe cases — Ovens of the whole body and the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal and thoracic cavity.
Farous chronic pyelonephritis leads to renal failure. The patient is bothering dry mouth, thirst, frequent and abundant urination, especially at night. Leather and visible mucous meals become pale, dry, shortness of breath, heartbeat and sharp weakness appear.
What to do with the exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
First of all, with the appearance of signs of inflammation of the kidney, you should seek medical attention. Emergency care, as a rule, is not required, but from the call of the district doctor to the house and a visit to the urologist, slow. With the active course of the inflammatory process, treatment should be carried out in hospital.
Full examination will reflect the nature of the infection pathogen, the degree of activity of the inflammatory process, the factors that support the existence of pyelonephritis and cause its exacerbation. In chronic pyelonephritis, conduct a laboratory study of urine, including analyzes for sterility, character and sensitivity of microflora to antibiotics. According to the results of analyzes, antibacterial therapy is prescribed, which is aimed at the destruction of active forms of microbes.
Ultrasound of the kidney, computed tomography, radioisotope scintigraphy allows you to clarify how far the process went down, establish the degree of violation of the kidney function and choose the methods for the correction of these violations.
Treatment of chronic pyelonephritis implies elimination of obstacles to the outflow of urine: the removal of kidney stones, the elimination of ureteral strictures and other interventions.
In addition to antibiotics, sulfonilamide preparations, vitamins, immunomodulators, drugs that improve microcirculation in the kidneys are prescribed. Prerequisite for resist — Liquidation of chronic infections in the body, treatment of chronic diseases that reduce body protective forces.
With the saved excretory function of the kidneys in the break between the courses of antibacterial therapy, the patients must be respected by drinking mode. It is recommended to drink during the day 2–4 cups of cranberry morse, dishes and decoctions of medicinal herbs with a diuretic and antiseptic effect. Abundant drinking contributes to the washing of causative agents of infection from the kidneys and thus extends remission.
Special place in the fight against chronic pyelonephritis occupies a sanatorium-resort treatment. Reception of weak water, balneotherapy, mud, rest, dietary food aimed at cleansing and improving kidney function.
In the event of a severe course of chronic pyelonephritis, the formation of a large number of scars in the renal tissue and wrinkling the kidney, leading to arterial hypertension and renal failure, is shown nephrectomy, that is, the removal of the patient's kidney and, possibly, replacing its donor body.
