What is angina region? What are the symptoms of angina? How to give first aid for angina? How is diagnosis and treatment of angina? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Angina
or «angina pectoris», - This is one of the stages of the development of ischemic disease
hearts. In essence, these are periodic cuts (spasms) of blood
vessels and blood supply disorders. Most often angina
develops in old age, and men are 3-5 times more.
This is explained by the fact that estrogens (female hormones) before the onset
Klimaks protect the body from cholesterol deposits on the walls
Vessels.
Directly cause of the disease is atherosclerosis of the heart arteries.
Blood heart vessels (coronary artery), with time
covered from inside cholesterol sediments - atherosclerotic
Fucked. They narrow the clearance of the arteries, and the influx of blood to the heart
Reduced.
Risk factors include obesity, smoking, heredity, arterial hypertension, diabetes. Significantly deteriorates the situation a sedentary lifestyle and stress.
Symptoms of angina
Attack
anginagadia manifests as pain cutting, gulp, as if burning
Heart compressing the throat. However, often the attack is not perceived as
obvious pain, but rather as heaviness, compression, constraint, compression or
Blunt pain. For angina, the pain is characteristic of the sternum, however
Often it felt to the left - in the heart. Attacks can last
from two to five minutes and are often accompanied by shortness,
nausea, vomiting, dizziness and feeling of fear. Distinctive
Sign of the attack of the attack of angina - fast, after 1-2 minutes,
Effect of nitroglycerin.
First deficiency
blood supply is relative and detected only when
significant physical exertion when the need of the muscles of the heart
In nutrients and oxygen increases sharply. In such cases
Speak about the angina stress, attacks
which often occurs when quick walking, lins uphill
and stop after a person stops. At
resuming walking pain may appear again and man happens
Forced to stop every 100-200 steps. Less often attacks
The angina stress occurs due to excitement. They may be
caused by smoking, alcohol use, abundant food.
Further
The development of the disease leads to the appearance of pain attacks and is able
People - then at night there can be an attack of the so-called angina of rest.
Angina duration from 3 to 5 minutes, which occurs only in certain situations, is called stable. Another type of angina is unstable:
It occurs when the duration of attacks increases to 10-15
Min., they become unpredictable in time and may arise
In unscrolved earlier situations. Unstable angina is
Honor of myocardial infarction.
First aid in the attack of angina
If a person has a stenokard attack next to you, then the following measures should be taken:
- Lay the patient and ensure peace,
- Give nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue,
- On the heart of the heart you can put the mustard,
- Given valocardine or Corvalol at 25-30 drops,
- When continuing the attack, give the second nitroglycerin tablet,
-
if
After re-taking nitroglycerin for 10-15 minutes attack
Does not stop - give a patient 1 anesthetic tablet (Baratgin
or spasgan) - and call «Ambulance»!
Diagnosis of angina
Pain
«in the heart» With neurosis, heart defects, cervical diseases
The spine department is very similar to the pain in the attack of angina.
Therefore, the diagnosis of the disease can only be installed
Cardiologist.
When studying the heart
Mandatory method is an electrocardiogram (ECG),
Tredmill test - record of electrocardiogram during physical exertion
And Halter Monitoring ECG is an ECG record, conducted during the day.
For the study of cardiac noise use method of phonocardiography,
And the echocardiography method allows you to explore ultrasound
state of heart muscles and valves, evaluate blood flow rate
In the cavities of the heart.
To study the state of vessels use
Ventriculography method - specially performed x-ray
Pictures allow you to determine the exact location of atherosclerotic
plaques and degree of narrowing of the lumen. Similar technique - Coronaryography -
Used to study the status of coronary arteries. For
Definitions of narrowing the lumen of vessels also use the method
Myocardial scintigraphy.
Treatment of angina
Since angina
is one of the stages of the development of ischemic heart disease caused by
atherosclerosis, then it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle - A, before
total, refuse smoking - and follow body weight.
In addition to
angina drug therapy can also be prevented
Surgical intervention. In the presence of testimony of the narrowing of vessels
Can be extended from the inside - this procedure is called coronary angioplasty.
It is carried out using a special catheter tube
with a canister at the end. Under local anesthesia through the puncture of artery
In the top of the hip or on hand, under X-ray control
Caller fed to the location of the narrowing and inflate. Thus, narrowed
The plot is stretched and blood flow is restored.
When,
If for any reason this operation is impossible, surgical
By creating a new way of blood flow bypassing the locked area
Heart Blood Vessels - Operation of Aorticorona Shunting.
