Psychopathy: general impression
Under the term «psychopathy» Personal disorder lies, expressed by the person in innate or acquired features of the character, which «Support mess» In a slender system of his psyche and deliver a lot of inconveniences in ordinary life.
In psychopathy, the overall structure of the person is consisted of unevenly developed features: some are expressed with excess, others are practically absent. For example, excessive egocentrism, extreme self-confidence can almost completely suppress adequate assessment of their own capabilities. You can, of course, argue that such «Skund» There are also quite mentally healthy people, but they do not become outcasts in society, as it usually happens with «psychopaths».
At the same time, such a personal disorder is radically different from obvious mental illness. People with psychopathic characteristics of the character do not degrade over time, but do not become «such as all» - no dynamics that somehow worsened or facilitated their condition. Such personalities are not lagging behind in development, possess a sufficient level of intelligence, not wandering, do not see the drawers in dark corners of the bedroom.
They are people of a completely different cut: perceive the surrounding reality only as they want, completely ignoring or sharply denying the objective position of things. Captures of psychopathies cannot assess themselves correctly, strongly overlapping or, on the contrary, understate its own significance, do not know how to make valuable life experience lessons from their proms.
Causes of psychopathy
Diagnosis «psychopathy» It is confirmed if a person is peculiar to three or more of the following criteria:
- Indifferent attitude to the experiences of other people.
- Dismissive attitude to public order and social standards.
- Severe relationship with others.
- Inability to adequately transfer defeats and failures.
- Fierce, aggressive behavior in the struggle for the satisfaction of their needs and fulfillment of desires.
- Irresponsibility, lack of a feeling of shame or guilt, inability and reluctance to learn from their mistakes.
- Accusation in his failures of foreign people, high conflict.
For a person, whose characteristics are determined by psychopathy, peculiar:
- permanent lies, hypocrisy, treachery;
- disrespectful attitude to the law coming from frequent arrests;
- pathological impulsiveness, lack of prudence;
- fights as a result of high aggressiveness and irritability, inability to convey to opponents their point of view in verbal form;
- recklessness, weakened instinct of self-preservation;
- dishonestness in financial affairs, inability «pour» in rhythm and fixed work schedule;
- theft;
- harming (moral and physical) surrounding without the slightest conscience.
Symptoms of psychopathy
Externally, psychopathy is expressed in a wide variety of forms. Based on the dominant behavioral motives, several types of psychopathic conditions are distinguished:
Paranoyan psychopathy. These are extremely suspicious, malicious and non-advisable people, in the family they are pathologically jealous spouses. Among people with such a type of psychopathy there are a lot of hypochondriacs who are convinced that they suffer from any deadly disease.
Schizoid psychopathy. Closed in yourself with a rich imagination, stupid in everyday fathers, enthusiastic philosophy, physics or mathematics. With close to schizoids Relationships Cool, loneliness they are not in.
Unstable psychopathy. Such people completely absent willpower. They often promise something, but immediately forget about this promise. They have no subjective point of view, they obey the crowd. Close to relatives are cold. Each second person has such a form of psychopathy in biography - shoots from home in childhood. These are typical dependents who are always in search «light money». Criminals, alcoholics, drug addicts - the main contingent of people with an unstable form of psychopathy.
Caught psychopathy. These people do not calculate until they have the need to defend their interests. In this case, they have a whole arsenal for self-defense: unmotivated wrath flashes, excessive aggressiveness, irritation, lack of a sense of tact and tolerance. In childhood, they often quarreled and fought with peers, being adults, forced to defend their «I», Often changing work. In all his troubles blame others.
Hysterical psychopathy. This is nobody recognized aesthetes and «Teatrala». Different persuasible, talked behavior, seek to get into the center of attention, very high opinion about themselves. They are bright and eccentric, very sociable and sustainable. Relationships with the opposite sex of their elements - they constantly in love with someone, although in real deep attachment they are not peculiar to them.
Psycho psychopathy. Menitious, extremely durable people and constantly worried about trifles. Punctuality - them «Konk», they are very hardworking and musty. With all the set of these useful qualities, rarely achieve a service increase due to fear of change and inability to make important decisions. Very dependent on loved ones. Sometimes the constant feeling of anxiety drown in alcohol.
Asthenic psychopathy. Asthenics are constantly engaged in their health. It is difficult for them to focus on some particular task, they are very quickly tired of monotonment. These are the impressionable quiet people who feel uncomfortable in society.
Affective psychopathy. People with this kind of psychopathy suffer from frequent and unfavorable mood differences, which often depend on the time of year. Such a feature negatively affects their ability to work.
Often there are people with mixed types of psychopathies. To confirm the presence of psychopathy, the psychiatrist may send the patient to the electroencephalogram for the study of the condition and performance of the brain. Consultation of psychoanalyst may also be needed to establish a complete picture of the specifics of thinking, memory quality and patient intelligence level.
Treatment of psychopathy
Medical therapy of psychopathic states is justified when «Strange» The nature becomes a stumbling block for the patient's normal existence in society.
Chronic poor mood is regulated using antidepressants (fluoxetine, amitriptyline, prosecale). The feeling of anxiety is blocked by tranquilizers (with a tenazepam, mespam). Neuroleptic preparations (hanoperidol, Sonapaks, triftatazine, tiercin) are written off with pronounced aggression and antisocial behavior. When the change of moods occur very often and strongly pronounced, prescribe anticonvulsants, such as carbamazepine.
To close people of the patient, if possible, need to control the dosages of the prescribed drugs of drugs - psychopathy sufferers are often inclined to take medicine, at its discretion, exaggerating the dose.
Tangible correction, psychopathic manifestations of character gives in psychotherapeutic methods. Methodology enjoys great popularity «psychodrama» - Group psychotherapy, during which he played situations from the life of patients with their further analysis.
All the symptoms described in the article meet both quite healthy people, so it is not necessary to engage in self-medication. Remember, diagnosis «psychopathy» can only put a qualified psychiatrist after a number of conversations and surveys.
