Causes of the disease
The causative agent of the disease - the virus of the Rabdarus. It exists in two versions: street (wild), its living environment are natural conditions in the world of wild animals; and fixed, which is used for the production of anti-library sera. With all its danger, the virus is very sensitive to the influence of the external environment: in 2 minutes is destroyed by boiling and also quickly dies from 2-3% of the solution of lizola and chlorine or 70% of alcohol.
Epidemiology of the disease
Transfer the animal virus. Disease is transmitted to animals and man through a bite or flashing the infected beast of damaged skin. Man, as practice shows, does not distribute the virus with air-droplet. Infection can occur in the case of contact with the saliva patient with blood (fresh wound, scratching on the skin or on the mucous) of a healthy person. Peak incidence reaches in autumn and summer.
Development of the disease
In the body, the causative agent of rabies falls through wounds and abrasions on the skin. The central nervous system of the virus reaches through the nerve fibers: it has a large affinity with nervous tissues. Also has property to spread through blood and lymph.
Attacking the central nervous system, the causative agent through nervous trunks gets to the nerve endings of salivary ducts, from where it comes directly into saliva.
Clinical picture of the disease
When the disease has not yet been manifested by the first signs, the specialist raises the diagnosis based on the results of the victim's survey (bite, fading animals), also pay attention to the presence of dyspepsia and hallucinations.
Facilitates the diagnosis of the emergence of such clinical symptoms, as an excited concern, aggression, nonsense, convulsions of swallowing muscles, hydrogen, sweating, abundant salivation.
In the late stage of the disease, paralytic, the diagnosis is based on the survey data, the general procedure for the appearance of symptoms and the presence of paralysis.
Treatment of the disease
Today, the specific treatment of rabies in people has not yet developed, so they do everything to facilitate the patient's condition. The patient provides peace and protection against external stimuli - loud sounds, bright light, sharp air fluctuations. For this patient, a person is placed in a quiet, darkened and warm ward.
To reduce excessive excitability of the central nervous system, use sleeping pills, anticonvulsant and painful drugs (morphine, aminazine). Indications for infusion therapy become dehydration and sharp decrease in patient body weight. In the last stage, the means that stimulate the respiration and the work of the cardiovascular system are resorted, if necessary for artificial ventilation of the lungs.
Prevention: When you need rabies vaccination
Our site resembles victims of the disease often people who do not seek a doctor or come to him too late. Another factor in the development of rabies - unfair following the vaccination regime and the mistake of the immunization rate to the end.
As a vaccination against rabies, it is mainly used (concentrated cultural anti-grade vaccine). Injected drug intramuscularly at the rate of 0 oh, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th, 90th day. When it is possible to see the estate animal, after it is observed within 10 days. If during this time nothing suspicious happens in his behavior, it remains alive, the vaccination course is stopped.
Along with the vaccine in case of severe and extensive damage, anti-liblobic immunoglobulin is prescribed. The faster it was applied after the bite, the faster and more efficient it will.
Of great importance is the careful processing of the bite space in the first minutes (hours) after an animal attack. Winal need to rinse with a large number of running water with soap or to treat a disinfectant. The edges of the wound lubricate ethyl alcohol or iodine. The bandage on the damaged area is not superimposed until local treatment with immunoglobulin. Surgical intervention in the wound is unacceptable in the first 3 days after bite. The prerequisite for preventive measures is the use of anti-resistant serum.
