What is hyperprolactinemia? What are the causes of the disease? How to diagnose and treat hyperprolactinemia? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Hyperprolactinemia is a condition for which it is characteristic
Increased content of prolactin (pituitary hormone) in the blood. Most often
Hyperprolaktemia is found in young women aged 25-40 years,
much less often - men of the same age.
Causes of hyperprolactiamia
The reasons leading to increasing the production of prolactin are diverse:
- Tumor
(adenoma) pituitary gland - the most common cause of this state. Usually such
Tumors have small sizes (no more than 2-3 mm). In short «tumor»
Doctors denote an increase in the size of the pituitary gland, it is not cancer,
and benign education.
- Reducing the function of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism).
- Ovarian diseases (polycystic ovarian syndrome).
- Reception
Some drugs: Antiwheat Means (Cerukal),
Antidepressants (amitriptyline), contraceptives with high
Estrogen content.
- Cirrhosis of the liver.
- Chronic renal failure (hyperprolactinemia occurs in 65% of patients on hemodialysis).
- Brain diseases (meningitis, encephalitis, tumors).
Women
With hyperprolactinemia syndrome, as a rule, bothers the release of milk
from the mammary glands outside of pregnancy (galatterey), infertility and violation
menstruation (most often their absence). Men are concerned about lowering
sexual attraction and potency, sometimes in combination with milk release.
In some cases, excess hair growth on the body is observed, a tendency
to acne. As the tumor growth increases, the pituitary
impairment of vision, headache.
Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia
An endocrinologist, as well as a gynecologist-endocrinologist, is engaged in diagnosing and treatment.
For diagnostics it is necessary:
- Consider blood test for prolactin (blood is taken from Vienna), in addition, the doctor may assign hormonal samples;
- in
A number of cases will need to pass the blood test and on other hormones,
For example, on the hormones of the thyroid gland (if the doctor suspect a violation
thyroid functions);
perform the X-ray of the skull and the region of the Turkish saddle to estimate the size of the pituitary
- for
Detailed assessment of the pituitary and surrounding parts of the brain
Tomography - Computer (CT), based on the use
X-ray rays and magnetic resonance (MRI) based
on the use of magnetic fields;
- consultation of the gynecologist (for women);
- When detecting the adenoma, the pituitary will need an oculist consultation.
If
Hyperprolactinemia is caused by hypothyroidism or insufficiency
adrenal glands, appropriate replacement hormone
Therapy, which leads to normalization of prolactin and termination
Galactorei.
If the condition is associated with the reception of medicinal
funds (Cerukal, amitriptyline, etc.), these drugs are canceled. How
rule, after 4-5 weeks after that, the menstrual is restored
Cycle and stops Galathery.
Therapeutic treatment
It is used most often. Patients prescribe special drugs
(Parlodel, Lizuride and DR.). Such therapy normalizes the content
Prolactin in blood, women restores menstrual cycle
and the ability to conceive.
Surgical intervention
(the removal of the pituitary tumor) is used, as a rule, with
violations of vision and insufficient effectiveness
Therapeutic treatment.
Radiation therapy is used more often
Total as an additional treatment method after hypophysometer or on the background
Therapeutic treatment.
