Amblyopia or lazy eye, eye diseases (ophthalmology), amblyopia

In the people, it is called a lazy eye, and the doctors are called briefly: amblyopia. Most often this disease occurs in children. What are the reasons for amblyopia and how to treat it?

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Causes of amablopia

Principles of treating amblyopia

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Richina amblyopia

Amberopia means a decrease in visual acuity, which occurs when violating the normal development of the visual system. Amblyopia - reduced vision due to inactivity or lazy eye.

Most often amblyopia occurs in childhood. One of the reasons for its appearance may be the difference in the sizes of the eyeball or lack of light access to the retina, for example, with cataract, corneal, rough changes in the vitreous body.

Another reason can be a high level of astigmatism or hyperopia of one eye. If the cerebral of the child gets a clear image from one eye, and from the other - blurred, it begins to use the information from the first and ignore the fuzzy signal from the second eye. Also quite often the cause of amblyopia is a squint. But sometimes the disease occurs and «Without visible reasons». Causes of the disease are very individual. For example, one child, amblyopia begins with the difference between the eyesight of the eye of everything in one diopter, and another brain copes with the situation even with a difference of four diopters.

If amblyopia is a congenital violation, the child does not know what can be seen somehow differently. Therefore, he perceives everything as the norm and complain about vision will not. The same thing happens with a long lack of correction of refraction pathology, when a child is not wearing glasses, contact lenses.

Principles of treating amblyopia

The longer the child is sick amblyopy, the harder it is to overcome it. In itself, this disorder of vision does not pass in the child, and normal vision will not be able to formed or will be depressed. Therefore, the best way to avoid upcoming problems is to identify the disease as early as possible.

The treatment of amblyopia in children must be started with the detection of organic disorders, which can also accompany the squint, and astigmatism, and hyperopia. This is possible only with the use of the so-called method of determining the nature of the visual perception at the level of the visual cortex of the brain - the study of visual caused potentials (ZVP). Like an electrocardiogram, the ZVP objectively reflects the operation of neurons of the visual cortex of the brain.

The treatment of amblyopia in children is directly related to the treatment of the disease, which led to its development. Treatment - conservative, is carried out against the background of correctly selected spectacular correction. Often, kids are prescribed in the treatment of occlusion (clamping) better than a seeming eye, but this is not enough. The complex of treatment includes various types of stimulation - light, photo-stimulation, frequency-contrast stimulation and t.D. With squinting and nystagma at a certain stage of conservative treatment, surgical intervention in the muscles of the eye is carried out. In Nistagma, after surgery, the nystagma amplitude decreases, therefore, visual acuity in the course of further conservative treatment increases. Under the squint, surgical intervention is carried out to restore the proper muscular balance between the muscles that move through the eyes. This is necessary to restore binocular vision and eliminating the prerequisites for recurrence in the treatment of amblyopia in children.

In general, the strategy for the treatment of amblyopia is reduced to four areas:

Vision correction with glasses or contact lenses
Stimulation (therapy) of the area of the yellow stain of the amblyopic eye
Correction of the squint (if any)
Formation and maintenance of binocular, stereoscopic vision

The last three directions require a clear interaction of a doctor with a patient. Remember, the longer this problem exists, the hardest to overcome it.