Pancreatitis - a disease in which the pancreas is affected. Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Content
- What is pancreatitis
- Causes of acute and chronic pancreatitis
- Symptoms of acute and chronic form of pancreatitis
- Treatment of acute pancreatitis
Abundant feast behind, guests diverged. Suddenly, a person begins to disturb the cutting stomach pains, nausea arises, vomiting. This is — acute pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas.
What is pancreatitis
Pancreas performs the main work on digesting food. Enzymes of the body are: TRIPSIN and HIMOTPSIN — split proteins; Lipasa — fats; amylase — carbohydrates. In the tissues of the gland they are in inactive form. The ability to digest the organicity, these protein catalysts are normal only when entering the intestines.
Acute pancreatitis
Pancreatitis — Inflammation of the pancreas. Acute pancreatitis — This is a severe disease, leading to the killing of her fabrics. Often it is accompanied by serious complications and requires emergency hospitalization.
Chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis — Frequent pathology. Incidence in Russia — 50-60 patients per 100,000 population. In contrast to acute form, inflammation has a sluggish character. The disease lasts for years with periods of exacerbation and remission. Over time, the pancreas deforms, wrinkled. Fabrics secreting enzymes and hormones are replaced by scars. Functional failure begins, expressing in the inability to produce a sufficient amount of protein catalysts.
Causes of acute and chronic pancreatitis
In 80% of cases, the causes of pancreatitis are alcohol or bile disease. These factors are able to cause both acute and chronic disease. For example, with acute alcohol poisoning, severe vomiting can lead to casting intestinal content in the pancreatic duct. As a result, it activates its enzymes, inflammation begins — A sharp form arises. Long use of alcohol causes chronic reactive inflammation.
Acute pancreatitis can also be a consequence of closed abdomen injury (often with an accident, due to the stupid object hit).
Other causes of the disease:
- viral infections;
- tobacocco;
- the side effect of drugs;
- parasitic diseases;
- poisoning;
- Mukobovysidosis and other.
Symptoms of acute and chronic form of pancreatitis
Under acute form, the entire pancreas is seriously affected. Symptoms, respectively, pronounced. The main signs of acute pancreatitis:
- Strong stomach pain that gives a back, covering the body like a belt;
- nausea, indomitable vomiting, not bringing relief;
- fever, chills;
- tachycardia, decrease in blood pressure, shock symptoms;
- respiratory failure, skin pallor;
- Signs of acute abdomen.
Despite adequate treatment, right up to surgical intervention, acute pancreatitis often leads to death.
Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis:
- abdominal pain in the period of exacerbation, provoked by alcohol intake, oily food, overeating;
- weight loss, shortage of vitamins and minerals;
- disorders of digestion and suction of nutrients, as evidenced by the analysis of the feces;
- Sugar diabetes develops in running cases.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis
The basis for the treatment of any severe surgical pathology — Timely appeal to the doctor. Delay at least for a day increases mortality in 2-4 times. Treatment of acute pancreatitis complex, stationary, often requires operational intervention. Activities for maintaining water-salt balance, prevention of infection. Without adequate therapy, a shock is quickly occurring, the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome is possible.
Treatment of chronic pancreatitis
Cragged stone therapy of chronic form — Diet and enzyme preparations.
Diet with pancreatitis significantly improves well-being, normalizes digestion, warns exacerbation. Optimal cooking methods — Cooking, pair or in water, baking. Overbinding should be avoided. Take food often, small portions.
Can:
- Fruits, juices, vegetables (exception — Onions, garlic, legumes);
- non-large varieties of meat;
- cereals, cereals, cereals;
- Dairy products with minimal fat content;
- Bread of coarse grinding flour;
- Mineral water, weak tea, coffee.
It is forbidden:
- alcohol;
- confectionery, sdoba;
- egg yolks;
- Fatty grade meat;
- roast;
- Spices, vinegar, meat delicacies, canned goods;
- onions, garlic, legumes in large quantities;
- carbonated drinks;
- sweets.
Patient prescribed enzyme preparations, vitamins and minerals. Pancreatitis treatment is carried out under the control of the doctor.
