Polyp Tolstoy: Causes of the occurrence and symptoms of the disease

Polyps are growing mucous membranes of the intestinal wall. Depending on the form and features of the structure, various types of polyps. The most unfavorable type, from the point of view of cancer development - naval polyps, the growth of which on the wall of the intestine resemble a carpet: the frequency of development of a malignant tumor from such a polyp reaches 40%.

• hereditary factors;
• Chronic somatic diseases contributing «aging» epithelium of the mucous membrane of the colon;
• Features of nutrition;
• constipation.

In the norm of the cell mucosa cells regularly updated. If this process is unevenly occurred, local increments of the intestinal mucosa are formed. As a rule, the tendency to violate the process of changing the cells of the mucosa is inherited.

In addition to hereditary factors, the growth of polyps and malignant reincarnation contributes to the use of a large number of animal and oily food and constipation. Animal fats and proteins lead to the formation of carcinogenic substances in the intestine, violating the renewal of the cells of the mucous. Constipation contribute to the long action of such substances.

Colon Polyps: Symptoms, Diagnostics, Treatment

Polyps, as a rule, do not bother the patient. Most often, the presence of a polyp is detected in prophylactic inspection. In rare cases from the polyp can develop bleeding.

However, polyps are not harmless: with a long existence, the polyp cell can become malignant. On average, each fifth polyp turns into cancer.

In addition, each third of patients with polyps observes rectal bleeding. Moreover, the larger the size of the polyp, the more often the bleeding.

The frequency of rectal bleeding at polyps also depends on the degree of malignation of polyps. The higher the degree of malignization, the more often the rectal bleeding is observed. With diffuse family polypose, rectal bleeding is observed in all cases. Bleeding from the colon polyps is most often chronic in nature, cases of massive bleeding are relatively rare.

• Hidden blood analysis on hidden blood;
• irrigoscopy - X-ray study of the intestine with the help of a contrast agent introduced by enema;
• RectorOnoscopy - a procedure similar to a colonoscopy, only inspects the intestine section to 30 cm.

Conservative treatment of colon polyps is unpromising. Any polyp detected during colonoscopy must be removed surgically and is investigated under a microscope.

Timely removal of small, almost always asymptomatic colon polyps - the basic measure of the prevention of colon cancer.

Surgical treatment of colon polyps is carried out using endoscopic equipment. A flexible endoscope is introduced into the rear pass (a colonoscopy is carried out by such an endoscope), equipped with a loop electrode, which is captured and pinch the floor of the polyp. Large polyps are removed by parts. Remote polyp is sent to histological examination, which allows you to determine under the microscope, is there a malignant transformation in the polype or not.

Endoscopic removal of polyps is well tolerated, after operation, working capacity is restored the next day.

After removing the polyps of large sizes (more than 2 cm) or multiple polyps (5 or more) and the vellented adenomes of any size requires control endoscopy in a year. If new polyps are not detected, the colonoscopy is repeated every three years.