Cirrhosis of the liver - a disease that is accompanied by a violation of the structure of the body due to the growth of connective tissue, manifested by the functional insufficiency of the liver. Article about it.
Content
Liver — This is an organ that is in the body for the elimination of toxic substances, an active digestive participant, without which the body just collapsed, it is no secret that a certain group of beneficial components is created in the liver: cholesterol, bile acids, some vitamins, and others.
Cirrhosis of the liver should be considered as a progressive chronic disease characterized by the lesion of hepatocytes in the event of viral hepatitis or other diseases. At the same time, the death of healthy hepatic cells, the defeat of all structural elements of the liver, accompanied by a gradual substitution and diffuse growth in it connective tissue under the action of various factors. Violation of the functions of the organ leads to jaundice, portal hypertension, known to increase pressure in the blood supply system, as well as to ascitis, which is often accompanied by a cluster of fluid in the abdominal cavity in the amount of up to 25 liters.
According to statistical data of the World Health Organization, the liver cirrhosis is found in 10-20 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants, is among the ten age disease and may be the cause of death of patients of 40-60 years of age, especially men.
With the development of the liver cirrhosis, as well as chronic hepatitis, a number of morphological changes occur in tissues, which lead to a significant compaction of the organ. As a result of these disorders, normal liver tissue is replaced by fibrous and completely rebuilding the entire structure of the liver with a violation of its functions. Cirrhosis of the liver can be characterized as small-mesel, with nodes in organic tissue less than 10 mm, large-sized — represented by foci of fibrosis up to 5 cm in size, also described the forms of the disease, when it is possible to mix the types of nodules.
The positive role of early diagnosis of hepatic pathology, the reasons for which require detailed consideration especially at the initial stage of the disease, when it is possible to prevent severe complications and restore lost functions — It is difficult to overestimate.
Cirrhosis of the liver: Causes
Usually this chronic disease is multifactorous and occurs when a combination of several provoking agents. Cirrhosis of the liver may develop due to the transferred viral infections, such as viral hepatitis B, C, D, G. Especially it should be noted by hepatitis C and D, which in 95-97% of cases, especially with late treatment of the doctor and inexpressive treatment leads to a rough restructuring of liver with the development of renal failure. It is known that in almost 50% of cases in the disease of cirrhosis of the liver, causes are caused in alcohol abuse and chronic alcoholism. Daily use of 50-150 ml of ethyl alcohol for a long time leads to the formation of alcohol hepatitis, which subsequently provokes cirrhosis. There is a negative impact on the state of the liver of the environment and poisoning chemicals, for example, chloroform, arsenic, phosphorus, uncontrolled use of some drugs: methotrexate, methyldop, isoniazide, chlorpromazine, etc.
The role of the diseases of biliary tract with disorders of the bile duct, when the sclerosing cholangitis can lead to cholestatic hepatitis and as a result — biliary cirrhosis. Long venous stagnation, the defect of the tricuspid valve predetermine the occurrence of heart failure and liver cirrhosis. The cause of this pathology can be an autoimmune process — In medical practice, an autoimmune hepatitis is described, in the case when the body perceives its cells as other people, with all the consequences hence. Special attention is given to disease metabolic diseases, when with such a hereditary disease, such as hemochromatosis, the microelement of iron is actively accumulated in hepatocytes, which provokes the development of cirrhosis. In case of Wilson-Konovalov's disease, which is based on a violation of copper metabolism in the body, this element is deposited in the cells of the nervous system and liver. In addition, glycogenesis, antitripxin enzyme deficiency, galactosemia, fibrosis, sarcoidosis and many other diseases can cause liver cirrhosis.
