Millions of people around the world each year sick in intestinal infections. The causes of most of them are viruses. So we know about these infections? Let's get acquainted with one of the common intestinal infections - norivirus infection.
Content
Norivirus infection
Today is increasingly and more often children and adults are fragile with intestinal infections.
One of the frequent reasons for these infections are viruses.
There are several varieties of viruses that are able to cause a person
Intestinal infection. One of these viruses is Novovirus.
Norovirus together with rotavirus are the main cause of the development of intestinal infections
Children. Initially, Norovirus and Rotaviruses did not distinguish at all and diagnosed everyone -
Rotavirus infection, especially since the manifestations of both viral infections are similar.
For the first time, Norovirus was highlighted in 1972 in the city of Narolk, Ohio, USA, in connection with which
first called a non-volc virus.
Noroviruses are very infectious: only 10-100 particles of the virus are enough to infect a person.
Therefore, this virus getting into a children's team very often leads to a rapid
spreading intestinal infection among children.
Ways transfer
The main ways to transfer Norovirus:
- Food, T.E. A person can get infected, for example, using unwashed fruits in food or
vegetables; - Water when a person is infected by drinking some amount of liquid containing
virus; - Contact-household when the virus enters the body through unwashed hands, household items,
Dishes and T.D.
Most often, the transmission of the virus comes from a sick person through objects
Hirody healthy person. People infected with the virus can infect others
During the rapidness of the disease and over the next 48 hours. In some cases, viruses
the body can be excluded for 2 weeks after the start of the disease.
Symptoms of norivirus infection
The first symptoms of the disease appear in 24-48 hours after infection.
It can be one-time, but more often multiple vomiting, diarrhea, strong nausea, increase
Temperature.
Norovirus most often causes diarrhea and severe vomiting, but sometimes there can be only vomiting.
Disorders from the digestive system may be accompanied by muscle,
Head pains and weakness. Typically, the symptoms of the norivirus infection pass through themselves through
12-72 hours.
After the disease, the body produces immunity to the virus, but for a very short period,
8 weeks. After this period, a person can again become infected with norovirus and get sick.
Diagnosis of norivirus infection
In this case, the definition of the type of virus, which caused an intestinal infection, not
It has a lot, t.To. Treatment of such diseases usually hold the same type.
But if there was a need for this, then you can hand over blood to determine the norivirus
PCR or ELISA method.
Norovirus can be diagnosed according to the analyzes of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR),
in which the study clinical material find a small portion of genetic
information (DNA) of the infectious pathogen and multiplodiate it repeatedly, which allows
Determine the type of pathogen. This analysis is quite sensitive and able to determine
This virus at a concentration of up to 10 virus particles.
Immuno-immunimal analysis (IFA) is not a virus itself, but antibodies
which produces the human body, after introducing the virus.However, he has
Insufficient accuracy and sensitivity. And on the basis of the results of only ELISA without
confirmation by other diagnostic methods to put an accurate diagnosis
Possible.
Treatment of norivirus infection
Treatment of norivirus infection depends on the peculiarities of the flow
Diseases, and, basically, includes replenishment in the body of water and electrolytes.
To do this, it is recommended that frequent fractional drink of solutions restoring
Water-Mineral Exchange. Most effective glucosalan and recider, as well as human
Electrolyte, in which the Glucose ratio, sodium and potassium salts provides optimal
absorption of their intestines in blood. These solutions should be alternating with a drink of green tea,
Infusion of daisies, mineral water (already without gas) and other liquids. Fluid volume that
Must have a patient in the first 6-8 h diseases, makes up for adults approximately
80-50 ml per 1 kg of body weight.
It is possible to simultaneously use such drugs as instrumentation (complex
Immunoglobulin drug), but usually it does not affect the time of recovery.
Prevention of norivirus infection
At the moment, the vaccine from norivirus does not exist.
Therefore, the main measures of the prevention of this infection is the observance of the rules
Hygienes. It is washing hands after returning from the street, washing all vegetables and fruits before
eating food.
If the house already has a sick, then you need to carefully follow the hygiene. By
Lighter, once a day must be processed all the surfaces with which
Contact infected person: Bed housing, bedside tables, bathrooms, door
Handles and T.D.
Even the smallest dust particles with norovirus cause disease. Virus very
Life vehicles: Wet cleaning with conventional detergent and alcohol-containing means
Provides its destruction, the virus is resistant to drying, freezing, heating to 60
Degree and dies only from chlorine-containing disinfectants.
Dishes, washable items used by the sick, as well as toys (if ill
Child) need to wash warm water with the addition of chlorine.
All things that were blurred by the lots, you must immediately wash with
temperature at least 60 degrees.
Such observance of the rules of hygiene will avoid further distribution
infection and re-infection of people.
Norovirus and children
As you know, small children are still drawn in the mouth of different items. Good,
If this happens at home, and it is clean toys. But it happens that this happens on the street, on
playground and in other places where no one charges you for the purity of the subject taken in
mouth.
That is why children often occur in intestinal infections. In addition, children are often
combined in children's teams (kindergarten, school, circle, children's camp and t.D.), where
Quite quickly, the distribution of any infection can occur.
So what to do parents?
Here you can advise only one thing - to accomplish the child to abide by hygiene - wash your hands, not
take from sex food, do not take something that was lying on the street and t.D. Of course, it will not lock
child from intestinal infection, but still slightly reduce the risk of its occurrence.
If the child has already infected with a norivirus infection, then you need a very
carefully follow his condition, especially if it's a very small child.
Norivirus infection can cause multiple vomiting in children. But, unlike
adults, children dehydration occurs much faster. In such situation
Strong dehydration can lead to child death.
Therefore, in such a situation, it is necessary to start the child's disappearance as soon as possible. For this
Applied fractional drink. The child is given fluid on a teaspoon with an interval of approximately
in 15 minutes, which makes it possible to satisfy. Preferably, glucosalan,
Regidron or Human electrolyte, if not, then you can give mineral water
(pre-release gas). The volume of fluid that the child should have a drink in the first 6-8 h
Diseases is estimated for infantry 100 ml per 1 kg of body weight, and for children
Over 1 year - respectively, 80-50 ml per 1 kg of body weight.
If, because of the constant vomit you can't drink a child or you see that the child
It gets worse, then you need to urgently call the ambulance and go to the hospital where the child will be able to
Conduct the necessary infusion therapy.
The article was prepared by Belokrysenko Oksana
