What is Nistagm? What is the eye (fixing) nystagm? What is a professional nistagm? What is a labyrinth nistagm? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Nistagm
Nistagm (from Greek . NYSTAGMOS - Dund), involuntary, fast
following each other movement of the eye from side to side (less often -
circular or up-down) in some diseases of the central nervous
Systems and Inner Ear
By the nature of movements, Nistagm is divided into a pendulum-like, or
an influx, with equal vibration phases; Thick-shaped,
or rhythmic, with a slow phase in one direction and fast phase in
the other side; mixed when the nistagm appears when looking forward
like pendulous, and when looking at the sides - like rhythmic.
Direction
Nistagma is denoted by the rapid phase of oscillations. More often occur
horizontal nistagm, less often - vertical, rotator or
diagonal. With a dissociated nystagm of the movement of both eye
Apples are ineptly unlike associated when they are the same.
Distinguish physiological and pathological nystagm.
Physiological
Nistagm arises from healthy people with some irritations, he
Meets in the following forms:
- Optocinetic, or
Railway, Nistagm, which occurs when reviewing quickly
moving in front of the eyes of objects; he is aimed to,
the opposite movement of these items;
- labyrinth, clear
pronounced push-like nistagm, which appears in irritation
Maze (heat, cold, electroplating or rotating man
around the horizontal axis);
- Nystagmoid twitching eyes, with their
extreme assignment to the side due to the rapid fatigue
muscle.
The following forms of pathological nystagma are distinguished:
- Eye
(fixation); - professional;
- labyrinth (peripheral);
- Neurogenic (central).
What is the eye (fixing) nystagm
Occurs with innate or early
acquired weakness of view on the basis of various eye diseases,
congenital pathology, glasses, as well as
hereditary way. Eye oscillatory movements are due
disorder of visual fixation due to violation of its regulatory
mechanism or defect of central vision.
Different characters and amplitude oscillatory movements. IN
The case of peasant nystagma amplitude of oscillations is usually reduced
when turning the head towards the fast phase. Acuity of sight
The rule is significantly reduced - to 0.3 or less. Sometimes noted
Forced head position. Often, changes are detected in
refractive media (the turbidity of the horn shell, lens) and
photosensitive apparatus (albinism, cooboma of yellow spots,
Atrophy of the optic nerve, retinal pigment degeneration and t. NS.),
Such changes are absent, if the cause of nystagma was congenital
Pathology of the glasses. Eye defeat appears with
birth or early childhood, is persistent and with age
Almost does not change.
The diagnosis is not difficult. Some benefits bring exercises in localization and pleoptic
treatment. With aetropy of high degree and astigmatism shows wearing
appropriate glasses. With a well-pronounced nastagm
Sometimes the operation helps - the weakening of horizontal muscles on the side
Slow phase and muscle strengthening on the side of the fast phase.
What is a professional nistagm
Arises after many years of
Works in Shakhty. Causes of it - eye tension during operation, low
Lighting and bad ventilation mines, inxication of mine gases
(methane, carbon monoxide).
Movements of the eyeballs most often wear rotator or
Mixed nature. Nistagm is intensified when flexing. Maybe
accompanied by a jitter of the eyelid, light-in-friendly, head shake, decline
adaptation, some narrowing of sight. Expressed nistagm
accompanied by a worsening of vision. With an increase in production experience
slowly progresses.
Treatment is ineffective. In severe cases - Transfer to ground work. Prevention. Improving working conditions in mines, good lighting.
What is a labyrinth nistagm
Occurs when defeating the inner ear. By
character he is horizontal or rotator. Directed in the direction,
The opposite sick labyrinth. Duration is small - from
several days to several weeks.
Neurogenic, central
Nistagm appears as a result of the defeat of certain links
Vestibular glasses reflex. It depends on
state of the main process.
