What should the main events in the treatment of emphysema? How to facilitate the state of the patient? Answers can be found in the article.
Content
How to treat emphysema
The main activities are aimed at combating respiratory
insufficiency and therapy of the underlying disease that caused the development
Emphisms of the lungs.
Refusal to smoking is an extremely important event. It
should take first place in the treatment of this pathology. Wherein
It is necessary to keep in mind the following: one-time cessation of smoking
has a greater effect than a gradual decrease in the number of smoked
cigarettes; High motivation of smoking refusal is the main
a factor determining success; Chewing gum and civory
Applicators containing nicotine helps to reduce smoking cravings,
Especially if they are used in the complex of events aimed at
to give up smoking.
When aggravating the chronic inflammatory process in the lungs
Antibacterial drugs are prescribed, in the presence of bronchospastic
Syndron, developing as a result of the narrowing of the lumen of small bronchi and bronchiol - Broncholitic agents (Drugs causing expansion of the lumen and elimination of bronchial spasms). Basic groups
Broncholitic drugs are anticholinergic
(Atrovant, Berodual), Theophyllins (Teoopek, Teotard, Ehufillin, etc.),
Beta-2 sympathomimetics (Salbutamol, Berotek). Selection of the drug and volume
Therapies depend on the severity of the disease.
Failure drugs are prescribed to improve spilus.
With the development of respiratory failure, respiratory
Gymnastics, which contributes to the improvement of light ventilation, gas exchange.
In chronic respiratory failure of the I degree with success
Hydoxytherapy is used. The patient breathes atmospheric air with
reduced (up to 11-12%) oxygen content for 5 minutes, and
then 5 minutes breathes atmospheric air with normal content
Oxygen. Within one session, 6 such cycles perform. Everyone
day spend 1 session. The course of treatment lasts 15-20 days.
In the presence of pronounced breathing insufficiency
Long-term oxygen therapy. As a source
Oxygen at home use cylinders with compressed oxygen
or hubs, portable devices for oxygen production
room air. Duration of low threaded oxygen therapy
is at least 18 hours a day. If it is impossible to perform
Malopotary hydrochiotherapy is carried out inhalation of moisturized
Oxygen through nasal catheters.
Sometimes use auxiliary artificial ventilation of the lungs with
using respirators of any type adjustable by volume, frequency or
pressure.
To correct respiratory failure, it is also applied
Aerionotherapy. It is produced by 1 session per day, treatment course
It lasts 15-20 days.
With a long narrowing of the respiratory tract - voltage increase
all respiratory muscles becomes chronic. Treatment of fatigue
respiratory muscles, including diaphragms, is important along with
using drugs for the treatment of lung emphysema.
Various workouts are widely used, providing normal
Music operating mode. Therapeutic physical education aimed at reducing
muscle tone and improved bronchial passability gives the best
effect with bronchial obstruction (breathing difficulty).
The most simple, but very important exercise is training
breathing by creating a positive pressure at the end of the exhalation.
Carry out these exercises just. Can be used non-pecked
hoses of various lengths through which the patient breathes and create
Installation of water shutter (water filled with water). After enough
deep breath should be able to exhale as slowly through the hose in
Water-filled jar.
To improve drainage functions, special drainage and exercises with forced elongated exhalation are used.
Positional (postural) drainage is the use of a certain
Body positions for better wet wet. Positioning drainage
performed in patients with chronic bronchitis (especially with purulent
forms) with a decrease in cough reflex or too viscous sputum. He
Also recommended after endotracheal infusion or administration
expectorant in the form of an aerosol.
It is performed 2 times a day (in the morning and evening, but you can and more often) after
Preliminary reception of bronchus and expectorant means
(Usually infusion of thermopsis, mother-and-steph, richnik, plantain), and
Also hot lime tea. 20-30 minutes after that the patient
Alternately occupies the provisions that contribute to maximum emptying
From the sputum of certain lung segments under the action of gravity and spution of sputum to cough reflexogenic zones. In each position
The patient performs at the beginning of 4-5 deep slow respiratory movements,
inhaling the air through the nose, and exhausted through compressed lips. Then after
Slow deep breath produces 3-, 4x shallow shallow
Passing 4-5 times. Good result is achieved when combined
drainage provisions with various breast vibration methods over
Drainaged segments or its compression with hands on exhalation, massage,
Made quite energious.
Postural drainage is contraindicated in heaming and occurrence during the procedure of considerable shortness of breath or attack
Choosing.
