Atopic dermatitis occurs most often in early childhood against the background of a burdened heredity (at mom or dad there were manifestations of allergies) due to irrational nutrition, intoxications, exchange disorders, disorders of nervous and endocrine systems, but can be formed in adulthood age.
Content
Signs of atopic dermatitis
Leading sign
Atopic dermatitis is a strong itch. Skin with atopic
dermatitis, especially in the period «Dormant current» (remissions),
Differs dry and peeling. Skin skin and exclusive
The surfaces of the limbs are covered with shiny, bodily color by plaques.
During «Dormant current» Single minimal manifestations
Atopic dermatitis can be barely peeling spots or cracks in
Areas of attachment of the loss of ear shell. In addition, such
Signs can be snaps in the corners of the mouth, the middle crack of the lower lip,
as well as peeling and redness of the upper age. Blind under the eyes,
The pallor of the skin of the face with the earthly tint can be important signs
Atopic personality.
The flow of atopic dermatitis
During the atopic dermatitis (depending on the characteristics in
Different age periods) Conditionally allocate three phases
Diseases - Infant, Children and Adult.
The infant phase of atopic dermatitis usually begins with
7-8th of the child's life. Rashes are mainly located on
face, hitting the skin of cheeks and forehead. Gradually appear changes on
extensitive surface of the shins, shoulders and forearms. Often
Brown leather buttocks and torso.
Children's phase of atopic dermatitis begins after
18 months of age and continues until the adolescent period.
The rashes of atopic dermatitis in the early stages of this phase
represented by red, edema stains prone to education
solid foci of lesions. As a result, combing lesions
covered with crusts. Rashes are mainly located in
elbow and populated bends, on the side surfaces of the neck, top
Pieces of breast and brushes. Over time, most children are cleared by
rashes, and only fallated and elbow sibbies remain amazed.
Adult phase of atopic dermatitis comes in
adolescence. Favorite location of atopic dermatitis
- Top of the body, neck, forehead, leather around the mouth, bending
The surface of the forearm and wrist. With severe current atopic
Dermatitis can take a common nature (all over the body).
Observations indicate the role of heredity in transmission
painful signs from parents to children. So, from father–Allergy
Signs of allergies in a child are developing in 40–50% of cases from mother – in
60–70%. If both parents are carriers of atopy, then the frequency
Development of the disease in a child reaches 80%..
A certain number of children is formed hidden
Allergyization that is implemented in the form of atopic dermatitis in
Aged 19–20 years. It is not inherited illness, but a totality of genetic
Factors of contributing to the formation of allergies in the body.
In the formation of atopic dermatitis is of great importance
Functional state of gastrointestinal–intestinal tract. Risk of development
Food allergies increase due to non-compliance with rational
food of a pregnant woman, children of the first months of life located on
Artificial feeding. So, in the children of the first year of life frequent
The reason for the development of atopic dermatitis are chicken eggs, proteins
cow milk, cereals.
The flow of atopic dermatitis by the development of the intestinal dysbiosis, due to the uncontrolled intake of antibiotics, hormones, the presence of foci of chronic infection, allergic diseases (asthma, rhinitis), dysmetabolic nephropathy, parasites.
Treatment of atopic dermatitis
An important direction in the treatment of atopic dermatitis is the creation
Optimal psycho-emotional environment. It must be borne in mind that
Emotional stress can provoke itch.
Diet with atopic dermatitis
From
Food with atopic dermatitis must first be excluded:
Meat and Fish Broths, Roasted Meat, Chocolate, Cocoa, Citrus
(lemons, tangerines, oranges, grapefruits), strawberries, black
currants, melon, honey, pomegranates, nuts, mushrooms, fish caviar, spices,
Smoked, canned and other products containing additives
Preservatives and dyes.
It is advisable to add vegetable oil to the food diet
(Sunflower, Olive and DR.) up to 30 g per day in the form of seasonings to
Salatam. Vitamin F-99 is assigned comprising a combination of linoleic and
Linolenic acids, or high doses (4 capsules 2 times a day), or
In the medium (1-2 capsules 2 times a day). The drug is especially effective in
Adults.
Medical treatment of atopic dermatitis
Medicase treatment of atopic dermatitis should be held
Strictly individually and may include tranquilizers,
Antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and disintellation
funds. It should be noted that in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
A large number of methods and means (hormones, cytostatics have been proposed,
Intal, Allergoglobulin, Specific GPSENSIBILIZATION, PUVA-therapy,
Plasmapheresis, acupuncture, unloading and dietary therapy, etc.).
However, the greatest importance in practice medicines that provide
Anti-Disposal Effect, - Antihistamines and Tranquilizers.
Antihistamines are prescribed for the removal of itching and swelling at skin manifestations, as well as with atopic syndrome (asthma, rhinitis).
Applying the first generation antihistamines daily
(Supratine, Tueva, Diazoline, Fercarol), it must be remembered that they
Rapid addiction is developing. Therefore, these drugs should be changed
Every 5-7 days. Penetrated through blood into brain tissue, preparations of the first
generations cause soothing effect, so they should not
appoint students, drivers and all those who should lead an active
lifestyle, as the concentration of attention is reduced and disrupted
Coordination of movements.
Second-generation preparations - Laratodine (Claritin), Asthemisol, Ebostin, Cetirizin, Fexofenadine.
Hormones apply limited and with common processes, and
Also in disassemble, painful, not eliminated by other means.
Hormones (better methipred or triamcinolone) are given for several days for
Removing the sharpness of an attack with a gradual dose reduction.
In the prevalence of the process and phenomena of intoxication
Intensive therapy applies using intravenous
(hemodez, refooliglucin, polyonic solution, saline and
Dr.). Well proved hemosorption and plasmapheresis
(Special blood purification methods).
In the treatment of persistent atopic dermatitis very useful
The auxiliary method may be light therapy.
Ultraviolet light requires only 3-4 procedures per week and has little
Side Effects.
When attaching an infection, the antibiotics are wide
Spectrum. Erythromycin, rondomycin, vibreamicine for 6-7 are prescribed
Days. In childhood, tetracycline preparations (tetracycline,
Doxycycline) are appointed from 9 years. Complication of atopic dermatitis with herpes infection is an indication for the appointment of acyclovir or Famvira in age dosages.
The therapy of atopic dermatitis must be included, especially in children,
Enzyme preparations (Abomin, Festal, Mezim Forte, Panzinorm) and
Various chisabiotics (bifidesbactery, bakyubyl, Linex and others.).
Eubiotics are better to appoint the results of microbiological
Calate studies on dysbacteriosis.
A good effect also has the appointment of antioxidants, especially Aevit and Voice.
Outdoor treatment is carried out taking into account the acuteness of the inflammatory response,
prevalence of lesion, age and related complications
Local infection.
In the acute stage, accompanied by wet and crusts,
Applied bonds containing anti-inflammatory, disinfectants
Preparations (for example, brown liquid, chamomile infusion, tea). After
Removal of acute inflammation phenomena apply creams, ointments and pastes,
containing importation and anti-inflammatory substances
(Naphthalan oil 2-10%, dispatch 1-2%, ichthyol 2-5%, sulfur, etc.).
Widespread use in external therapy received hormone
Preparations. Among them, you can call the acenderm (cream, ointment),
Celenerm with Garamcin and Trieders (cream, ointment), Elokom and Advantan.
Prevention of exacerbation of atopic dermatitis
Skin leather with atopic dermatitis because of her dryness and elevated
permeability becomes sensitive to moisturizing. In this regard
Use of ordinary varieties of toilet soap undesirable.
It is advisable to apply tender soap varieties (such as Dove, Dial, Lowila,
Children's and T. D.). Washing powders, even in small quantities
staying on freshly washed clothes and underwear, can also render
Irritating effect. Therefore, some authors recommend using
«Allergensvobody» Washing powders (type Tide Free) and repeated
Lane rinsing cycles. Clothes should not be too close. except
that is undesirable to wear wool.
Sweat is able to irritate the skin of the patient with atopic dermatitis, and, therefore, it is necessary to change underwear more often.
A microclimate in the house has a certain meaning. So, temperature and
Room humidity in the room should be comfortable
(Permanent temperature 20-24°C and humidity 45-55%).
Patients with atopic dermatitis can be recommended classes
Swimming. At the same time, however, it must be borne in mind that chlorine-containing
Connections and other antiseptics used for disinfection
pool, can cause skin irritation. Usually in order to remove
This effect, sufficiently after classes to take a light shower.
To eliminate dry skin need to use
nutritious and softening agents, and apply them to the skin follows
Frequently, the skin remains soft throughout the day.
The skin treatment is also due to nutritional and softening agents
After the shower, and before walking into windy and cold weather — Protective
creams and ointments.
Correction of concomitant diseases includes examination, identification and treatment of chronic infection, parasitic invasions, dysbacteriosis, recovery of cortical neurodynamics and vegetative disorders.
Forecast of the flow of atopic dermatitis
The forecast of the flow of atopic dermatitis and the quality of life of the patient in
Much depending on the reliable knowledge of the causes of development
rashes on the skin, itching, from thorough fulfillment of all recommendations
Doctor and Prevention. The main directions of prevention – This
Compliance with the power mode, especially pregnant and nursing mothers,
Breastfeeding children. Special attention should be paid to
limiting the effects of inhaled allergens, reduce contact with
Chemicals in everyday life, prevention of colds and infectious
Diseases and due to the appointment of antibiotics. With staged
Anticious therapy atopic dermatitis recommended
Sanatorium-resort treatment in the Crimea, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus
and Mediterranean.
