Ingrown nail is a disease in which the nail plate is noted, as a rule, the thumb into the soft tissues of the nail roller, which leads to the appearance of pain and chronic inflammation.
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Causes of ingrown nail
The main reason for this disease is excessive nail pressure on the soft tissue of the nail roller, due to wearing incorrectly selected shoes. Important importance in the development of this state has the presence of an improper form nail, which in most cases is a consequence of incorrect nail care.
Ingrown nail is manifested by pain in the finger of the foot and the rustling of the side part of the nail plate into soft tissue of the incomplete roller. Diseases – This is pain in the field of nail phalange of the thumb. The skin of the nail roller is inflamed, swells, becomes painful when pressing. Wearing shoes during the exacerbation of the inflammatory process is difficult. Sooner or later, an infection is acceded, which is accompanied by the appearance of the symptoms of local inflammation (redness, edema, pain, poverty).
Diagnostics of the ingrown nail
In most cases, the diagnosis of an ingrown nail is not difficult. The diagnosis can be set after inspection by the surgeon. Performing additional instrumental research methods is necessary only in the case of suspicion of the spread of the purulent process to bone phalanx.
Treatment of an ingrown nail
Conservative therapy. In cases where the symptoms of the disease are expressed as minimally, conservative therapy can be quite effective. The pressure on the thumb should be reduced by carrying comfortable shoes with open weekee, for example sandals.
In some cases, significant relief can bring walking barefoot within a few days. Often to facilitate pain Patients briefly cut the nail of the thumb, which you need to avoid. Circuit of the nail can help enhance pain and lead to the appearance of deformation by the type of fishing hook.
In case of infection of the nail roller, antibiotics are locally as ointments. In more severe cases, the patient may be appointed a course of systemic antibacterial therapy. Patients need to wear comfortable shoes that prevents the pressure on the nail of the thumb. Nails on the legs are recommended to cut in a straight line, not very short, not lower than the line of the nail roller.
Surgery. If, as a result of chronic inflammation, hypertrophy of nail roller tissues is developing, then surgical intervention may be required to cure the disease. In easy cases, the removal of a part of the hypertrophied nail roller can reduce the symptoms of inflammation and irritation.
Within a few months after the operation, the shape of the nail plate is restored. In cases of pronounced nail deformation, a complete removal of a nail plate and a germinative matrix is shown. After this operation does not regenerate the nail plate. Such an operation is rarely executed. In more severe cases, it may be necessary to remove part of the nail plate and germinative (germinal) zone.
