Colon polyps: causes and symptoms

Polyps are growths of the mucousmembranes of the intestinal wall. Depending on the shape and structural features distinguish the different types of polyps. The worst type, from the viewpoint of developing cancer - villous polyps growths on the intestinal wall which resemble the carpet: the incidence of cancer in such polyp reaches 40%.

• hereditary factors;
• chronic somatic diseases that contribute to "aging" of the epithelium of the colon mucosa;
• feeding habits;
• constipation.

Normally, cells of the intestinal mucosaregularly updated. If this process is uneven, formed local outgrowths of the mucous membrane of the intestine polyps. As a rule, the tendency to disruption of the mucosa cells change process is inherited.

In addition to hereditary factors, the wideningpolyps and malignant transformation promotes the use of a large number of animal and fatty foods, and constipation. Animal fats and proteins lead to the formation of carcinogenic substances in the intestine, breaking update mucosal cells. Constipation contribute to long-term effects of such substances.

Polyps of the colon: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Polyps usually do not bother the patient. Most often, the presence of polyps detected during routine inspection. In rare cases can develop from a polyp bleeding.

However, polyps are not harmless: the continued existence of polyp cells can become cancerous. On average, one in five polyp turns into cancer.

In addition, each third of patients with polyps rectal bleeding is observed. Moreover, the larger the polyp, the more frequent the bleeding.

The frequency of rectal bleeding in polyps alsoIt depends on the degree of malignancy of polyps. The higher the degree of malignancy, the more there is rectal bleeding. In diffuse family polyposis rectal bleeding is observed in all cases. Bleeding from colon polyps often is chronic, massive bleeding cases are relatively rare.

• fecal occult blood;
• irrigoscopy - X-ray examination of the intestine using a contrast agent administered with the help of an enema;
• sigmoidoscopy - a procedure similar to a colonoscopy, the bowel is examined only land up to 30 cm.

Conservative treatment of colon polyps is futile. Any polyps detected by colonoscopy should be surgically removed and examined under a microscope.

Timely removal of small, almost always asymptomatic colon polyps - the main measure of prevention of colon cancer.

Surgical treatment of colon polypsperformed using endoscopic equipment. In the anus introduced a flexible endoscope (an endoscope is carried out in such a colonoscopy), equipped with a loop electrode that captures and clamped leg of the polyp. Large polyps are removed in pieces. Removal of polyps are sent for histological examination, which allows you to determine if malignant transformation in a polyp or not under a microscope.

Endoscopic polypectomy well tolerated after surgery operation is restored on the next day.

After removal of large polyps (2cm) or multiple polyps (5 or more) and villous adenomas of any size necessary control endoscopy one year. If new polyps are found, a colonoscopy is repeated every three years.