Is it possible to become healthy after a heart attack? This question is asking himself every person whose heart has already given a failure. How to prevent complications and exacerbations of myocardial infarction, how to build your life so that the re-attack does not happen?
Content
Tells Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department
Rehabilitation and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
GNITS Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation David Meerovich Aronov.
What becomes C
Heart after heart attack?
After myocardial infarction in the muscle of the heart, the scar remains, so
Partial heart function is lost. Also, the cause of myocardial infarction
- atherosclerosis of the blood vessels - remains and, moreover, maybe
Gradually, and sometimes and quickly progress.
All these factors say
that, unfortunately, to fully become healthy after a heart attack
impossible. But this does not mean that it is not necessary to take care of your
health. The task of a person is to make it practically
well, that is, the quality of life it would satisfy. 80% of patients with
Proper behavior, treatment and rehabilitation.
For instance,
If a person quit smoking, restricts alcohol, trains
moderate program, carefully accepts prescribed medicines, then
good well-being is provided.
Of course, you have to follow some rules, but it is not so difficult
- They are advisable to carry out anyone, not only those who had
infarction. If you have been transferred to the heart in connection with the IBS, then through
a month and a half after it (if the operation has passed successfully and the body
Works stable) You can return to ordinary cases, work.
Not
Forget that once you have already risked, and you should adjust your
habits so that complications do not appear and all the more happened the second
infarction.
Six steps on the way to survival
Step 1. You must take medicines appointed by the doctor.
Excuses like «will be better - I will stop drinking tablets», «I'm afraid harm
from drugs will be greater than good», «I do not want to get used to drugs»
and T. NS. not accepted. We are talking about life and death. Take medications
Needless need. Your concerns are absolutely groundless.
Moreover,
Independent cessation of reception or change of the drug may be
Dangerous - the so-called «Phenomenon cancel». Designed
Preparations act strategically, t. E. Prevent further
Progression of diseases arising after myocardial infarction:
Aspirin reduces blood clotting; Statins normalize level
Cholesterol in Kro
in and; Preparations pretending arterial hypertension,
Reduce the size of the left ventricle, which naturally increases
After myocardial infarction, with hypertensive disease.
There are 4 grades of drugs that reduce the level of fats in
Blood and have antiCleotic action: Nicotinic preparations
Slow releasing acids, bile acid sequins, fibrates
and statins. The latter are considered the most reliable and efficient.
The most dangerous complication of statins is a systemic muscle damage -
happens in about one case from several hundred thousand, but in
Russia was not observed.
We have registered the following statins in our country: Lovastatin,
Simvastatin, Handustatin, Fluvastatin and Atorvastatin. One or two
Tablets on the day of such drugs enough to reduce the level «Poor» Cholesterol in blood.
To the question, will the drug all life will have to take, difficult
Reply unequivocally. There are no such observations. Set up on
5-6 years - such a term is needed to fully manifested the effectiveness
Medicines (increase in the diameter of the artery, termination of progression
atherosclerosis). But some results appear before.
For example,
Although with atherosclerosis of the blood vessels, the permeability of the affected artery
Increases after 3-4 years from the beginning of treatment, but after 2 months
The admission of statins is enhanced by the bloodstream to the muscle of the heart, is suppressed
Thromboration, prevent some types of rhythm disorders
hearts.
Step 2. Fight atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart and head
Brain - This is the main cause of heart attacks, strokes and mortality. For
This will have to reconsider your power system. With atherosclerosis B
The arteries appear an excess of fatty substance (cholesterol). Gradually
Fat plaques increases and overlaps blood access to heart, brain
and other organs. She can be inflamed, ulcerate. If happened
Balax break, a thrombus is formed on this place, which can overlap
Artery.
In people who have undergone infarction or stroke due to thrombosis
Demisters part of the muscles of the heart or brain. Instead of tirelessly
Working muscles gradually grow connective tissue, forming
scar. Such a heart, of course, is inferior to a healthy strength and
Endurance.
Gradually, a healthy part of the muscles of the heart takes
the function of the affected part, but it can weaken herself. From here
Cardiac failure appear, arrhythmia. Protective forces too
work, control the cardiovascular system, reduce
Consequences of the disease. But they need your help - without drugs and
Self-monitoring can not do.
Reduce blood cholesterol. Hyperholesterolemia (It
Increased level) - the main reason for the aforementioned atherosclerosis.
This largely contributes to food rich in cholesterol (fish caviar,
Egg yolk, liver, kidneys, brains) and saturated fatty acids
(dairy products, animal fat).
As you know, cholesterol happens «bad» and «good». When level «Poor» Cholesterol is growing or
It remains unchanged, but the level is reduced «Good» cholesterol -
There is a disease. In contrast to poor cholesterol «Good we are not
We can get with food. It is produced in the body when
Systematic and moderate physical training.
Concentration of it
increases at no more than 60-70 g per day of strong alcoholic beverages
or 1 dry natural wine glasses. But no more! Intensive
The physical load and excess of the alcohol rate will result in the opposite effect -
Supplement «Good» cholesterol.
Purchase analyzes regularly, follow the level of cholesterol. Even
The most insignificant increase (very little bit) matters. This is
Already a reason for action, you need to immediately reduce cholesterol to normal.
Step 3. Burn with hypertension. Increased pressure - strong
The risk factor of atherosclerosis, and therefore another infarction. Danger
hypertension and in the fact that there is a big risk to get hemorrhage into the brain
or brain stroke. If hypertension is combined with
atherosclerosis, the risk of heart attack and other CVD increases in 5
once. High pressure speeds up atherosclerosis, enhances it and
contributes to the emergence of complications.
Today, any hypertension with proper treatment in the initial stage
Approximately the third of the patients leads to complete recovery. IN
Other cases, compliance with recommendations can prevent even
cause the reverse development of pathological changes.
The problem is that many patients are not suspected of their ailment, and
another part of the patients knows about him, but prefers not to be treated either
change the treatment scheme at its discretion (reduce dose of medication,
arrange breaks in treatment, replace the drug).
Doctors consider it
ordinary naivety and empty hope. Hypertension has
Property is constantly progressing, so postpone «for later» naught
Health is not worth it.
In addition to medicinal therapy, a dream is very important at least 7-8 hours in
day, try to avoid unnecessary unrest, psycho-emotional
Voltage.
Step 4. Throw smoking! Trite, might think everyone who
read this phrase. No one argues, but after all what you are consciously
poison your body, also remains fact. And be sure that
The infarction has not happened, a passion for cigarette played. AND
If you persistently continue smoking, then you remain the first challenger on
infarction and ten more extremely dangerous diseases in several
reasons:
- The content of blood fats in smokers is higher than in non-smoking (and this is a direct path to atherosclerosis);
- When smoking, blood coagulation time is accelerated by 15-26%, which leads to the formation of thrombov;
- It has been established that nicotine has a property to cause hypertension, there is also a risk of developing tobacco sclerosis of vessels.
So smoking - «Perfect way» harvest yourself: so much
risk factors in one. Outstanding Professor L. AND. Fogelson somehow
said: «Half of patients quit smoking after the first heart attack, and
the rest - after the second». Unfortunately, you need to add: «... if they
Survive».
Again, many myths are connected with smoking. For example, that sharp
Unloading smoking is harmful to the body. This is absolute not true. Or:
Former smokers are gaining overweight. Perhaps if this happens,
then after 6-8 months you are
Turn in former sizes. If extra
kilograms still appeared, you need to move more more and limit
Calirage of food.
Another obstacle: Those who quit smoking become nervous and
irritable. And with this you can fight, taking the first time
sedative, soothing means.
Step 5. Get rid of obesity. This is also a risk factor, about
which is written and said enough. Due to obesity already
The heart weakened by the heart is difficult to fulfill its functions. For now
Executive weight method One: physical activity appointed
physician depending on the condition of the cardiovascular system, and
Malokalorian diet.
Step 6. Move more. Physical culture - effective means
Anti-atherosclerosis. People who systematically do
(30 minutes at least three times a week), the condition of blood is improved
Ingigal indicators, decreases the tendency to thrombosis,
Extra small blood vessels that feed muscle develop
Hearts, normalized cholesterol, gradually «Spass» Grease
Blyakh.
In hypodymna, on the contrary, it does not complete the splitting
fats and cholesterol, they are postponed on the walls of the arteries, causing and
Enhance atherosclerosis.
If you are actively involved in the heart attack, then the load will have to
significantly reduce. The biggest problem in tennis players and
Football players. They always have loads unexpected, often there
excessive, to dispense them almost impossible.
Therefore, after
myocardial infarction Such sports is not recommended because they can
be dangerous. Excessive zeal in physical education can provoke
angina, repeated heart attack, hypertensive crisis.
As for modern fitness centers, they mainly
suggesting muscles and are unsuitable for patients with
Heart disease. If you have not picked up a personal program and not
took into account the advice of the doctor, it is better not to risk their health.
Special Warning about physical activity I want to devote
Sades and gardeners. Pure gardens - pure Russian
Feature, so often meets «heart attack on Groke» or «Garden disease». Useful physical activity is not
Name. In the sites work mostly older people, often -
Disabled people.
It is clear that often the cottage is the cormal
families. But the processing of the Earth is a very difficult physical work, with
which are performed by absolutely contraindicated actions, including
Construction and repair work when big gravity.
W
sick people can lead to angina attack (therefore
You always need to have nitroglycerin to remove the attack). Maybe
develop heavy hypertensive crises that sometimes end
stroke. In the most difficult cases, the heart AST develops
ma and if
will not be timely help, a person can perish.
If you do not avoid work, act neatly, slowly. Everyone
20-30 minutes do breaks. Do not put yourself the task to perform
Certain amount of work. Do as much as it turns out, and
not as much as you want.
Why does the second heart attack happen?
The second heart attack happens in 10-20% of patients. This is associated with the degree
changes that are so strong that they are enough for the second and on
The third heart attack, especially if the necessary recommendations are not met.
The probability of a new incident depends on many factors: hypertension,
Hereditary predisposition, improper nutrition, excess
Weight, emotional and mental overload. Men in this sense more
vulnerable than women.
Repeated heart attacks happen and because we still do not
There is a state program for the secondary prevention of diseases
(aimed at stopping the progression of existing diseases).
The effectiveness of such programs exceeds all expectations.
For example, in
USA, where the problem of CVD paid attention to another 40 years ago, for it
Time mortality has been reduced by 50%, in Finland thanks to programs
secondary prevention - by 60%.
In Russia and today mortality
Compared with European countries and the United States 3 times higher. We have a man
suffered a heart attack and thinks that he is no longer threatened. No
Doctors say that you need to comply with the prescriptions, medication regime,
Before many, it does not reach the meaning of the said. In addition, the conversation with the attending
A doctor usually comes down to a conversation for 1-2 minutes, which
completely nothing obliges.
To date, the prevention programs are only being developed.
To accept and implement them, considerable funds and time. Bye
It goes, people continue to hurt. But now you yourself can
prevent serious implications of heart attack and improve your
Self-sex.
Infarct risk factors
- high blood cholesterol;
- hypertension;
- smoking;
- Hereditary predisposition to cardiovascular diseases;
- Low physical activity;
- obesity.
If you have transferred a heart attack, strive to ensure that
- Cholesterol in the blood did not exceed the norm,
- Blood pressure was below level 140 per 90 mm RT. Art.,
- You did not add in weight if it exceeds the norm - reduced it,
- You had a systematic moderate or moderate severity physical exertion at least 3 times a week, you did not smoke.
Norm of Common Tower
- For healthy people - less than 200 mg / dL (5.2 mmol / g),
-
For healthy people having 2 and more risk factor
(for example, male floor and smoking, female half a year older) - less
160 mg / dL (4 mmol / l),
- For IHD patients (angina, cardiosclerosis, myocardial infarction) - less than 130 mg / dL (3.4 mmol / l).
Anti-meterosclerotic diet
This diet is needed in order to level cholesterol and other fats in
blood continued below normal - it is important in order not to
progressed atherosclerosis of vessels. The table indicates the products,
Which raise level «Poor» cholesterol in blood or reduce it,
as well as those use of which better limit to a minimum.
