Ear Development Anomalies are quite rare, but very often accompanied by varying degrees of violation of the hearing function, which is the cause of violation of speech and disability. Congenital defects can be in the form of micro, macro and outperfare of ear shells.
Content
Features of the outdoor ear
Outdoor ear consists of ear shell and outdoor audit. The ear sink is located between the temporomandibular joint of the front and the predominant cesspope. The casual sink is an elastic cartilage with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm, covered on both sides by the superchild and skin. The ear sink is attached by bundles and muscles to the temporal bone and its processes - cottage and zoomic processing, and the muscles of the shell in a person are rudimentary. The outer hearing aisle consists of 2 departments - the external reconciliation-cartilaginous and internal - bone. Outdoor department is 2/3 of the total length of the auditory passage.
The concept of ear development anomalies
Congenital anomalies for the development of the organ of hearing is often accompanied by a different degree of violation of the hearing function, which leads to a violation of the speech and disability of the patient. The variability of the deformities of the auricle is very high and includes the form, position and interpordability of elements of the outer and middle ear. Anomalies of the development of ear shells are relatively rare. All deformations of the oars can be divided into two groups:
- Congenital
- acquired by injury
Congenital ugliness of the ears are determined immediately after birth due to cosmetic flaws:
- Excessive size (macro
- Reduced size sink (micro)
- Distance from the head (the outflow of ear-sinks)
These defects can be corrected surgically. When the ears of the exhaust fold, the oval shape of the skin flap are cut out from the region of the exhaust fold; When the wound is sewn, the ear shell attracts to the surface of the head. Macrocations and wets can be eliminated with a number of plastic operations.
There are other rarely encountered anomalies of ear shells:
- In the form of a leaf (Darwin tuber)
- Stretching of the sink upstairs in the form of the island (Satira's ear)
- smoothing curls (ear maca
In the anomalies of the development of an external auditory aid include congenital infections (atresia) of an external auditory passage. They may be accompanied by the underdevelopment of the middle and inner ear in the form of a lack of hearing bones, bone infesters of the middle and inner ear. A number of patients have an atres of only the interfluent cartilaginous part of the auditory passage. In such cases, resort to plastic creation of an auditory passage.
Unfortunately, all over the world there is a tendency of rehabilitation of patients with a congenital microde mainly in the departments of maxillofacial surgery. The same position was noted by us in Russian clinics: in the rehabilitation of children with anomalies of the development of the outer and middle ear, maxillofacial surgeons are leading, t.E. The recovery issues of the hearing function are simply not considered. On the other hand, the intervention of only the emulsion in most cases is limited only by the reconstruction of the middle ear, and the full aesthetic rehabilitation remains unfulfilled.
