Translated from Greek «cataract» means «waterfall». Ancient Greeks assumed that the cause of vision of vision during cataract is a turbid liquid between the iris and lens.
Content
Cataract is associated with partial or complete closet of lens.
Crystalik — This is a double lens, which is located right
Over the iris and is responsible for focusing light rays on the retina.
Cataracts are congenital and acquired. In addition, they differ depending on the place where clouding was formed.
Cataract —
one of the most common eye diseases. Most
Often it occurs in the elderly (age cataract). According to
statistics, in 70-80 years old Cataract occurs in 260 of 1000 men
and 460 of 1,000 women. After 80 years, the cataract suffers almost
100% of the population. Among congenital cataract eye diseases are also
occupies one of the leading positions.
About 45% of the blind in the world lost sight due to the disease.
Catakti reasons
Congenital
Cataract occurs in 1 of 10,000 newborns. Disease maybe
transfer to child inheritance from parents or develop
As a result of infectious or inflammatory diseases of the pregnant
Women as well, if she abused steroid hormones,
alcohol and drugs.
The causes of the acquired cataracts
Many: genetic predisposition, intoxication
(medicinal and infectious), metabolic disorders (for example, when
diabetes mellitus, kidney or thyroid diseases),
Avitaminosis, exposure to ionizing radiation and electromagnetic
Waves, injury, bad ecology and just an elderly age.
The risk factors such cataracts are: female floors, dark eyes, obesity, smoking, alcoholism and black leather.
What's happening?
IN
a result of changing the biochemical composition of the lens, violating it
blood supply, nutrition, it becomes dense and opaque. Light
Rays with difficulty penetrate through such a cluttered lens, so man
Begins to perceive the world around, like through the stuffing glass.
Gradually
Cataract is intensified, and visual acuity decreases even more. At
Mature Cataract man ceases to distinguish the outlines of objects
and sees only light spots. Usually cataract damages both eyes,
Although one can be sick for several months or years before
Other.
It is possible to suspect the initial cataract on the following features:
- From time to time surrounding items lose clarity and two,
- Before your eyes appear «Mushkush» or stains,
- The visible image acquires a yellowish shade;
- There are difficulties in reading, associated with the contrast impairment between letters and a common background;
- visual acuity at an early stage of cataracts practically does not suffer.
The duration of the initial stage can continue from 1-3 to 10-15 years.
When ripening cataracts, the complaints described above are gradually progressing, the patient begins to note the decrease in visual acuity:
- Suddenly worsen eyesight, in front of his eyes, like a fog arises;
- impairment of vision is not associated with an increased eye load;
- It becomes difficult to read books with large font, even glasses do not save;
- Remote items differ with difficulty;
- The eyes became overly sensitive to the light;
- pupil, which in normal looks black, can become light.
In the stage of mature cataracts, the substantive vision is lost, only light is preserved.
