What is lactase insufficiency? What are the symptoms of lactase insufficiency? How is the treatment of lactase deficiency? What are the criteria for the effectiveness of treatment? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Types of lactase insufficiency
The cause of digestion violations in children
The first year of life is often lactase deficiency (lactose
intolerance), since at this age milk is the main
food product. Lactose - milk sugar, which in large
Quantities are contained in breast milk, milk mixtures, cow
milk.
Lactase insufficiency is a lactase enzyme deficiency, thanks to which lactose is split and the milk absorb.
Lactose intolerance can be primary and secondary.
Primary lactase insufficiency (alaktasia) happens:
- congenital - due to genetic defect,
Transferred by inheritance from parents. That is, the enzyme lactase
There are no babies. Such a violation of the process of development
lactase occurs quite rarely.
- transit - meets in premature babies,
born ahead of time or in docking, but immature kids. The thing is
The fact that lactase is first detected by the fetus for 10–12th week, from 24
The weeks the growth of its activity, which reaches the maximum to
Time of birth. So the premature babe can have a low
Lactase activity at birth. Such a condition is called transient lactase deficiency, t.E. It passes with time, and the activity of the enzyme is normalized.
Real lactase insufficiency is much more common,
(hypologist). This acquired violation of lactase production, which
arises against the background of any disease of the gastrointestinal tract.
Possible in infectious (intestinal infection - Rotavirus,
Conditional pathogenic microflora, giardiasis), immune (intolerance
Protein of cow's milk), inflammatory processes in the intestine
(enteritis).
What are the symptoms of lactase insufficiency
The first symptoms of the disease appear shortly after birth and are associated with
feeding milk, both in breastfeeding and those children,
which get artificial dairy mixes:
- Brodyl dyspepsia (diarrhea) - rumbling in
intestines; frequent (up to 10-15 times a day), liquid, frothy (separately
lumps, separately frothy water), with sour smell chair. If baby
on artificial feeding (lactose - the only carbohydrate
most milk mixtures) - chair in this case rare and steep -
Stop constipation. However, the chalk character is the same: first steep
lumps, then - a foam driver.
- Increased intestinal colik - Allocation of big
Number of gases. For infants is characteristic of anxiety (rice and
bloating) a few minutes after the start of feeding when
Preservation of good appetite. Baby Capriznitsy, hees down with legs,
Pips them to the tummy, «Split» breast. Sometimes there are jeeping,
vomit.
- Weight loss. Baby does not gain or does not add enough in weight.
- Microflora violation. Formation of dysbiotic changes in intestinal microflora
In order to diagnose intolerance to lactose Pediatrician
focuses on the clinical picture, determining the volume of surveys on
The basis of the severity of symptoms. One of the easiest ways
Detect the problem - make a carbohydrate feces analysis. In breast aged, the content of carbohydrates in feces should not exceed 0.25%, and in children older than the year they should be absent.
Against the background of lactase insufficiency, dysbacteriosis may develop
intestine. If lactose does not split into part, it
It remains in the intestine, causing the knelling chairs, elevated
Gas formation and creating a reproduction medium of rotten bacteria,
which are beginning to gradually coagulate the normal microflora.
How is the treatment of lactase deficiency
Only those cases of lactase deficiency are needed in treatment,
who manifest clinically. Deviation
carbohydrates in feces, not accompanied by clinical manifestations, not
is the basis for therapy.
Tactics of treatment with primary and secondary lactase failure
must be different. For diseases leading to secondary
lactase insufficiency, the focus should be paid
treatment of the main disease, the decrease in the number of lactose in the diet
is a temporary event that is held before recovery
mucous membrane.
Reduce the amount of lactose can be reduced or completely excluding
Milk use. However, it is necessary to remember that lactose is not contained
only in dairy products, but also in other products, such as,
sausages or candy. This method is quite acceptable for adults and children
Older. Babes located on artificial feeding,
An adapted mixtures with reduced lactose content should be selected
(Low-Colton Mixtures).
However, if the child is on natural feeding, then
Reducing the number of breast milk in the diet is undesirable.
The amount of lactose in breast milk does not depend on the mother's diet, so
Reduce the amount of lactose in the mother's diet is inappropriate. Only follows
Recommend to limit the use of products with great
content of solid cow protein for preventing allergy to protein
Cow Milk and the formation of secondary lactase failure.
With breastfeeding, the optimal option is
Using lactase preparations that are mixed with
Breast milk. The drug lactase is produced in adult capsules
(Enzyme Lactase Enzyme and Baby Lactase (Lactase Baby). one
Adult lactase capsule is 4 Baby lactase capsules.
The dosage is determined by the doctor on the basis of the content of carbohydrates in Kale.
If the content of carbohydrates in feces in a child is significant - then it is given
One - a half capsules of the enzyme lactase for adults for one feeding.
What are the criteria for the effectiveness of treatment
With properly selected dosage and treatment result
Viden already on the second day - the child's chair becomes homogeneous,
Cashechin, the intestinal emptying frequency decreases, decreases or
disappear meteorism. Over time, the selection is reduced and normalized
Carbohydrates (lactose) with feces.
With the appearance of a tendency to constipate - the dose of lactase enzyme decreases.
In case lactase drugs are not available, part of the chest
Milk can be replaced by a low-coarse mixture (for example, non-random
lowolate), while maintaining the maximum amount of the breast
Milk that does not cause symptoms of intolerance.
It is also desirable to dechat the first portions of milk. In the first portions
(the so-called front milk) contains more carbohydrates, and
it means lactose. Latest Portions (Far Milk) contain more
Fat and lactase rich. Often lactase insufficiency happens because
that the child gets a lot of upper milk and very little -
Far. If you feed on demand - then try not changing the chest
2-3 hours.
Thus, the diet and appointment of the enzyme lactase are the basis of the treatment of the disease.
