Many of the problems associated with vision can be easily curable if they reveal them in advance and correctly diagnose.
Content
According to WHO, almost 20% of preschoolers in developed countries and one of four schoolchildren have vision problems, which, if you leave them without treatment, can lead to a significant and / or irreversible loss of vision.
Moreover, it is important in time to notice signs of impairment of vision or any signs that indicate possible issues with vision in the future. Contact your child to the eyepiece if it has the following symptoms:
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strabismus;
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chronic headaches;
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The child often tert eyes;
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inability to distinguish colors after 3 years;
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Fucetitude;
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double in the eyes;
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Eyes blushed, tears or bump;
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eyelids of different shapes;
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excessive tear;
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Selection of eyes.
Strabismus
It happens about 4% of children. At the same time, one of the eyes usually looks straight, and the other — left, right, up or down. Squint may be congenital or develop in childhood. Treated, as a rule, with glasses or surgery. If the squint is not treated, subsequently, it can lead to impairment of vision or other eye problems.
Amblyopia («Lazy eye»)
Approximately 2% of children suffer from amblyopia, often it is a consequence of squinting. With this problem, one eye is weaker than the other, and the brain «overlaps» The image obtained from a weaker eye. Patients with amblyopia absent binocular vision — brain ability to properly compare two images of both eyes into one. This ability is necessary to be able to assess the depth, t.E. what object in the field of view is in which. With amblyopia it is impossible.
There is an amblyopia with glasses, operations or a patch stilt over a strong eye. If it is not treated, amblyopia can lead to loss of vision first in a weak point, and then in strong.
The visual system of man is fully developed to 9–11 years. Up to this age, the visual system of children adapts to violations in the vision of the suppression of the visual image obtained from the patient's eye. If you reveal amblyopia on time, its reason can be corrected, and the vision is restored. However, after about 11 years, it is very difficult if, in general, it is possible to teach the brain to use the sick eye in normal mode.
Signs of amblyopia. Poor eyesight in one or both eyes, deviation or closing one eye while reading or watching TV, squint, rotation, or head slope when viewed on item.
Myopia (myopia)
Young children have a myopia rarely. More often it develops from schoolchildren when the child begins to see poorly remote objects, while close objects sees well. Depending on the degree of myopia, myopia can be corrected with glasses, contact lin
Cam or Refractive Surgery.
Symptoms of myopia. Poor eyesight when viewed on remote items, frequent headaches, increased visual fatigue with a long look at the distance (for example, during sports games).
Hyperamerium (hyperopia)
Children with farewell see distant objects, but fuzzy see objects near. A small degree of hypostility is considered normal in young children. With stronger thanxicane, we need to wear glasses.
The main signs of the facilities: Bad vision near, increased eye fatigue while reading, surgery when working (headaches, burning in eyes), frequent inflammatory eye diseases.
Conjunctivitis (Red Eyes)
In small children, the cause of conjunctivitis is usually viral or bacterial infection. Older children have an allergy. Usually, when conjunctivitis, there are following symptoms: Redness of the eyelid, excessive tear and selection of eyes. For the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, the oculists prescribe special drops or ointment.
Astigmatism
Astigmatism — This is the most common cause of low vision, often accompanying myopia or hyperopia. Its cause is the wrong form of the cornea (front of the eye), the consequence may be a fourthness of sight. Depending on the degree of astigmatism, the child is usually prescribed by glasses, astigmatism can also be corrected by contact lenses or refractive surgery.
If the child has only a small degree of astigmatism, he may not notice it or test only a few blurry vision. Sometimes defective astigmatism can cause frequent headaches or increased eye fatigue with visual load.
Warning impairment
If we talk about how to prevent impairment of vision, the good illumination of that place is very important, GD
E is a child. If he plays, watching books, draws — must be sufficient light! And certainly you need to observe the correct distance between the eyes and a book or drawing — 25–30 cm.
To preserve the child's view, it is important to limit the stay in front of the TV screen or computer. Preschoolers can watch TV no more than half an hour a day and at a distance of at least 3 meters, while in the room must be weak lighting — Cannot look in complete darkness.
Starting from school age, you can watch it on hour, but better with interruptions. If the child is assigned glasses, it should not only read and watch TV with glasses, and all the time wearing them. Children prescribe glasses only for constant wearing.
As for computers, up to three years, communication with them should be eliminated. From three to seven years you can spend no more than 20 minutes before the display and no more than two times a week. After 7 years — 1 hour per day or two approaches for 40 minutes. And at the same time the distance to the screen should be at least 60–70 cm.
From time to time you should do gymnastics for the eyes — Slow movements with eyes: left-right, up-down, diagonally and in a circle, perform 2 minutes. Do not save when selecting a monitor: Choose a high-frequency monitor with a high resolution and a small point of the location of the points.
Eye injury in children
Often the children occur eye injuries. In the first place there are injuries caused by sharp objects. All parents of young children need to carefully clean the scissors, pencils, knitting needles and everything that the child can damage their eyes.
We buy a child glasses
If the doctor insists that the child needs glasses, parents should choose the most appropriate pair.
Choose a suitable material. Lenses made from polycarbonate — durable, light and unbelieving material — are the best choice for a child. However, polycarbonate is easily scratched, so you should choose glasses with a special coating that protects lenses from scratches.
Glasses must be comfortable. Handling glasses should be flexible enough. Glasses should not rub the bridge or sliding. For a child from 1 to 4 years old, you should choose points not with handles, but with ties or ribbon around the head.
If the child is already big enough, let him choose the rime. The more the baby will like the design of the glasses, the more comfortable it will feel in them and those who are willing them.
To preserve good vision, it is necessary to regularly visit the eye doctor, for a child who has any problems with eyes, the doctor's control examination should be carried out at least 1 time in 6 months. We hope that the implementation of these precautions will help avoid problems with vision from your child.
