What is prolesideling? What prophylactic measures should be carried out? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
What is the proligence, reasons
Prolesidery - these are areas of ischemia (bleeding) and
necrosis (samples) fabrics resulting from a long
compression, shift or displacement of them between human skeleton and
Surface bed.
It is well known that the fabrics of the human body function,
getting the necessary nutrients from blood. Deliver blood in
All organs and tissues of the human body are blood vessels that
countless numbers permeate all the fabrics of a person and represent
yourself soft elastic tubes. The smallest of them are capillaries -
Especially important for normal metabolism in tissues. Movement
liquids on such tubes is easy to slow down or completely stop
by compressing them. Any sitting or lying man happens
compression of soft tissues and compression of blood vessels, consequence
What is an insufficient blood flow to the tissues. If this state
lasts more than 2 hours, then there is no power failure (ischemia) and then
And death (necrosis) of soft tissues. Developing breakdown. therefore
It must be remembered that long-term fixed lying or seat -
unsafe!
The second reason, because of which can form a breakdown - this,
For example, when the patient is drawn in bed, pull out from under it
wet underwear trying to let the ship. At that time
There is a significant shift of surface layers of soft tissues by
attitude to deeply located layers, resulting in small
Blood vessels are rushing, and the blood supply to these departments is broken.
Similarly, weak beds can be formed in the same way
patients who, having stopped in their feet, start sliding slowly
on a chair or bed from the position of sitting or half-atighing that hardly noticeably
eye, but very noticeable for soft tissues.
Risk factors for laying out:
Potential places of education laying out all the places
Above bone protrusions on the body, which are squeezed during lying or
Sitting. In these places, the subcutaneous fat
fiber, the pressure of bone protrusions is pronounced. If
The patient lies on the back - these places are the crushes, heels,
Sedal bugs, elbows, blades, head. If on the side - on the thigh
on the side (area of a big spit), on the sides of the ankles and knees. If
The patient lies on the stomach - the region of the pubis and cheekbones.
PREVENTION BREAKS
Prevention are laughing inextricably linked with a whole complex of care measures for a sick person.
The material costs for prevention are always less than on their treatment.
Organization of care and observation of the patient should deal with
Human. He can have helpers - specialists with whom
consult; But it must be the final decision,
Who organizes care and has most of all opportunities to watch
Sick man.
In preventive measures, patients need to be used
wheelchair, lying patients, patients suffering from partial
fixedness (hotel parts of the body), urinary incontinence and / or feces,
Exhausted patients, patients with obese, suffering from diabetes,
The consequences of the suffered stroke.
Principles of prevention:
- reduction of compression, friction or shift;
- Full nutrition and personal hygiene;
- Reducing skin stimuli;
- skin care - contain skin clean;
- reduced skin moisture;
- Regularity and correctness of shipments (urine and feces).
Reducing compression. Need soft but elastic mattress. For this foam foam
Mattress whose thickness should be at least 15 cm. The bed must be
smooth without hillocks and pits. You can purchase special
Anti-Rubber Mattress, but remember that he is not a panacea from bedside,
With a lack of other measures in a patient lying on it, they can still
to form proleside. Daily examine the skin, especially in places
bone protrusions, t.To. it is there that are formed lying. Necessary
often change the patient's body position so that the skin experienced the minimum
friction, and soft fabrics - minimal offset. It must be done not
less often than every 2-3 hours, including at night. Under seats
bone protrusions additionally put rollers, for example, soft
Pillows from feather or foam. Under fixed limbs can be sewn
Bags filled with round grain, for example, a fast. Under the cross
Low rubber circle. The meaning of the use of a variety of rollers and
Anti-Rubber mattresses are that they increase the area
contacting the body and surface on which the patient lies, and therefore,
The pressure on each part of the body decreases, disruption decreases
blood circulation and thus reduces the risk of laying out.
Do not pull up the patient alone if the patient cannot help you.
Do not drag and do not pull the underwear from under the patient, especially wet. Not
Squeeze the ship under it. For all this there are easy techniques,
the main meaning of which is that the patient must be first
lift, but only then move or put something to him.
Do not leave the patient in an inconvenient position, and weak patients are not
Try to squeeze or give them a half-time position, t.To. them
muscular activity is missing for hold in this position and they
Start sliding. Provide such patients emphasis (any
fixture for stop) in the legs.
Food and drink. Drink and food should be full of limitations, if
Such are available. Food must contain at least 20% protein. Choose
products containing many microelements - iron and zinc, and
Also Vitamin C. Use fermented dairy products, greens, vegetables,
fruits. For heavy patients Meat - Hard food. Use chicken
Broth, fish, beans, cereals and dairy products for covering needs
in protein. Drink at least 1.5 liters, if there are no restrictions. Do not eat
Sweet and carbonated drinks, as well as sublimated products,
T.E. Fast preparation of dry substances by dissolving in water.
Reducing skin irritation. Stelite old, styled, which means soft linen; Watch,
so that there are no rough seams on the underwear, buttons, patches; Regularly I
often change the bed so that under the patient there is no folds and small
Objects. Use low-allergy skin skin care
Means, such as baby soap. Avoid bright color and strong by
smell of substances. More often spend the toilet of the crotch, t.To. Particles Kala I
urine are strong stimuli. In no way
Limit the patient's drink with urine incontinence, t.To. With lack
The liquid increases the concentration of urine, and accordingly the force
irritation. Briefly cut your nails and patient: yourself - to
accidentally do not scratch the patient, and the patient is so that he does not comb
Skin, T.To. With long lying or seat squeezed plots.
Make sure that the patient is dressed and closed with a blanket, respectively
Temperature conditions of the room. When patient overheating increases
Potion and increases the risk of developing beds.
Skin Care Rules. The rules are simple enough: do not allow skin pollution,
excessive dryness and humidity, because such skin is least
able to resist external influences, use conventional water,
soap, urochka from x / b fabric or natural sponge, nutritious and
Moisturizing creams dried ointment, powder. Carefully observe
behind the skin and you will become clear at what point to apply. General
Rule such: Wet skin need to be dried, and dry - moisturize. Not
Use antibacterial soap, t.To. together with harmful bacteria
Useful microorganisms are destroyed; leather after termination
the use of such soap becomes long to resist even
insignificant infection (advertising tells the truth, but not all).
Alcohol-containing means, such as lotions and camphor alcohol, can
Use only for patients with oily skin. Skin in places
compressant not tryrat when washing. Use soft sponges and use
They are very delicately, so as not to injure the upper layers of the skin. At
Drying the skin Do not wipe it out, but scrape. Blot areas
skin in no way massage, but a light regular massage
around these places is very desirable. Be sure to arrange for the skin
Air baths.
The moisture is significantly affected on the skin condition, mainly urine and sweat.
The main thing is personal hygiene of the patient and the change of linen. Do it often. At
urine incontinence is better to use lining or diapers, although
some patient is enough just to give the ship. For incurability
means for lining and diapers Try to use diapers from
linen (many times folded x / b linen laid in the crotch or
subled under the buttocks, limit urine spreading; Old styled
Linen absorbs moisture well). When urine incontinence in men
Use a special urinary system (urination).
Increased sweating is observed at the temperature of patients. For
in order to reduce sweating, first of all, treat
Major disease. For wiping the patient, it is better not to use soap
and water, and a weak solution of vinegar (1 st. A spoon of table vinegar on 1
glass of water).
