What is congenital syphilis? What are the symptoms of congenital syphilis? The answers to these questions can be found in the article.
Content
Congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis is called, which is transmitted transplacental unborn child (infection
the fetus due to the penetration of the infectious agent through the placenta) through the mother's blood. Congenital syphilis is early and late.
By early congenital syphilis include fetal syphilis, syphilis and infant syphilis early childhood.
Late congenital syphilis is detected usually after 15-16 years, and up to
Since then, it does not manifest itself. However, sometimes late symptoms
congenital syphilis occur, starting from the third year of life.
Fetal syphilis occurs approximately at the 5th month of pregnancy, when the pale
treponema penetrate the placenta and actively proliferate
inside the body of the fetus.
Syphilis fetus affects virtually all internal
organs, brain, and skeletal system of the fetus, so the chances
survival of the fetus is very low. Usually fetal syphilis ends
his death on the 6-7 th lunar month of pregnancy or premature
stillbirth.
According to medical literature, 89% of pregnancies in women with secondary
syphilis end in fetal death or birth
dead child.
Some children infected transplacental syphilis, survives, but
often such children, especially born with active manifestations
syphilis, are not viable and die in the first days or
months after birth.
If the child is still alive, he usually has a very strong
disorders of all body systems. Children with early congenital syphilis
weakened, poorly developed, stunted, and body weight, underdeveloped
both physically and mentally.
In children with early congenital syphilis infants often affects the eyes, and internal organs: liver, spleen, cardiovascular system.
With early congenital syphilis often have skin lesions, bone
cartilage and teeth. May develop cerebral edema, or
syphilitic inflammation of the meninges.
Symptoms of congenital syphilis
Early congenital syphilis in children can occur as a
symptoms of syphilis, the
have skin rashes and in hidden form - asymptomatic.
However, when the hidden innate
syphilis, the disease is easily identified by a positive
serological responses in the blood and cerebrospinal
liquid.
In children with early congenital syphilis at the age of 1 to 2 years can be shown:
- papular (characterized by the presence of papules) rashes. Around the anus, in the genital area, buttocks, rarely on
the mouth, throat and nose. Papules can be localized to the palms and
soles, on the face, especially around the mouth and chin,
less in the forehead and brow. Thus formed around the mouth
Radial settling cracks that, alive form
luchevidnye peculiar scars. These scars are very characteristic
a sign of congenital syphilis, remaining lifetime.
syphilitic pemphigus. The most common type of syphilitic lesions in early
congenital syphilis. Syphilitic pemphigus is
bubbles, most likely localized to the palms and soles of the child, at least - on the flexor surfaces of the forearms and legs or torso.
Pemphigus is often seen already at birth or occurs
in the first days and weeks of his life.
- syphilitic rhinitis. It is also a characteristic feature of congenital syphilis in children
infant. Rhinitis in syphilis occurs due to inflammation,
papular rash that causes the mucous membrane of the nose. When syphilitic rhinitis, nasal breathing is difficult, the child is forced to breathe through the mouth.
- osteochondritis. Another sign of early congenital syphilis in infants
age - that is syphilitic bone loss. osteochondritis
strikes often limbs, causing local tensions and swelling
pain in the affected area.
- periostitis and osteoperiostity (acute or chronic inflammation of the periosteum). Symptoms of bone in early congenital syphilis occur in 70-80% of patients.
After the first year of the disease symptoms of early congenital syphilis,
They tend to disappear. As with syphilis, acquired in adulthood
age, there may be recurrent rashes on the skin and mucous membranes in the form of
roseola and papules. In addition, the possible defeat of the larynx, bone,
the nervous system, liver, spleen and other organs.
As for the late congenital syphilis, it can also occur
in a latent form in the presence of positive serological reactions,
It may show certain clinical symptoms. Usually,
Late congenital syphilis is detected at the age of 15-16 years, sometimes
later, but sometimes earlier.
The most dangerous symptoms of late congenital syphilis:
- eye damage (sometimes even blindness);
- loss of the inner ear (labyrinth with syphilitic irreversible deafness);
- gumma (yevil formed in the tissues due to infection) the internal organs and skin;
- change tooth shape (in which the semilunar notch appears on the free edge of the upper incisors).
By the probable signs of late congenital syphilis include:
- "saber" shin;
- scars around the mouth;
- saddle nose (in 15-20% of patients have a characteristic feature,
due to the destruction of the nasal bones and the nasal bone
septum);
- on the patient's skin may form bumps and gumma;
- very often there is a defeat of the endocrine system.
Prevention of congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis can be cured, using modern means of medicine,
and it should be done as soon as possible, yet due
syphilis changes in a child's body does not become irreversible.
Therefore, before the onset of pregnancy, a woman with a history
syphilis, should certainly consult with a venereal disease,
and if a mother's illness became known during pregnancy,
woman must undergo treatment for syphilis itself
and to conduct preventive treatment of the child immediately
after birth.
