How tularemia is manifested? How tularemia infection occurs? How to diagnose and treat Tularemia? Can I prevent Tularevia? Answers to these questions you will find in the article.
Content
Tularemia
Tularemia
Tulyaraiya (also known as hareal disease or mouse disease) is an infectious disease,
which is caused by bacteria excreted from rabbit ticks. For the first time
This disease was described in Japan in 1837. This name has
directly related to the description of the plague of the protein in the Tulara county in
California 1911, and subsequent studies were made by the doctor
Edward Francis. Touraliy is found in North America and
many parts of Europe and Asia. It can be found worldwide in more
than a hundred species of wild animals, birds and insects. Animals that can
Sick Tularemia, in addition to rabbits, is meadow mice, forestry crops,
Squirrels, beavers, wolves, coyotes, opossums, sheep, and various types of birds.
There are two ways for people to catch Tularevia:
- From
bite of an infected tick, or another insect. When the virus gets into
the blood of a person from the bite of insects in various parts of the body arises
Sudden pain and fever and heat appears.
- When the damaged areas of the skin come into direct contact with the infected bunny body, the infection is transmitted to a person.
Less common ways of infection - this is use
polluted water, inhalation of dust from contaminated soil, as well as straight
contact with infected animals. Usually tularemia does not indulge
man to man.
How tularemia is manifested
People, tularemia may appear in two forms in
depending on how the patient has become infected. The most common form
infection occurs through the bite of an infected tick or from contact with
infected animals. The patient is formed a ulcer on the infectious area, lymph nodes are infected and inflated. The appearance of ulcers may be accompanied by a strong fever,
which is characteristic of flu. Signs begin to manifest themselves during
1-14 days after the infection in the human body. Fever
lasts for 3-6 weeks if no type of treatment is applied
Antibiotics for the destruction of bacteria. Patients with less
common form of Tularemia, which is formed by inhalation
infected air, usually frozen sharply, they appear
Fever, begins a sharp weight loss, abdominal pain feel,
fatigue and headaches. In patients with this form of Tularemia can
to develop pneumonia, which can become fatal.
How tularemia infection occurs
Two primary methods are indicated in the reports of sharp outbreaks of Tularemia diseases
Transferring disease. Time of year, when the most reports about flashes
Tularemia diseases coincides with the rabbits hunting season, which
may be infected and transferred to a person (which can be seen on the second
photos).
The risk of tularemia disease from rabbits is the most common,
Especially when handling rabbits after hunting during the process
Cleaning. Rabbits hunters recommend wear protective rubber
gloves to reduce the risk of direct contract with bacteria that
cause tularevia, especially when damaged skin (scratches,
Open wounds, corns) comes into contact with an infected dead body
rabbit or lively infected rabbit.
Before use, rabbit meat must be prepared completely.
It does not mean that you don't have to eat rabbit meat at all, just
Make sure that in the middle it does not contain blood. Bacteria that
cause tularevia, can live for many weeks in water, soil,
body and hide for many years in frozen rabbit meat.
The frequency of diseases of Tularemia over the past 50 years has decreased. Bacteria is a danger to those who work closely with rabbits.
Almost in all cases of the disease reported for the last
years, this is infection from bite bite, and not from work on the dressing
rabbit skins. It must be remembered that only 5-10 bacteria can
lead to illness. Other bacteria can get to a person from industrial wood waste, as well as bacteria can get to a person while in the area where many infected rabbits.
How treatment is carried out
Tularemia
Doctors recommend a preventive vaccine for people who are in the zone of high risk and a possible contract with bacteria. If tularevia is not treated, then it leads to death in 10-15% of cases, and if the disease passed into a more serious stage,
Abdominal title, the risk of death is 35%. Special medicines
Lower both mortality risks to approximately 1%. If you
suspect that Tularemia has become infected, immediately refer to
doctor specialist. To eliminate infectious bacteria fit well
Antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Usually
After the course of antibiotics, a person is no longer infected Tularemia.
However, some cases showed and repeated diseases.
How to diagnose Tularemia
To diagnose Tularemia is very difficult, because signs of Tularerey are very similar to signs of other diseases. However, Tularevia can be positively diagnosed with test on antibodies,
However, the doctor may not be a test if you are not
you will make it that you are a hunter on rabbits, or that you spend a lot
free time outdoors or what a rabbit bit you.
Patients who provide a physician full information about their pastime are most often diagnosed with greater accuracy.
Can I prevent Tularevia
During the removal of the skins from the rabbit, it is necessary to use rubber, plastic or latex gloves, especially if you have wounds or scratches on your hands. Wild rabbit meat should be prepared completely.
It does not mean that it is not necessary to eat rabbit meat, just
Make sure the meat is cooked without blood. If you are on
outdoors, avoid bites of various insects that can
to be carriers of the disease, just carry meals from insects.
Besides, be careful when handling animals, especially if
these are wild animals that can bite you. Any insect bite
It is necessary to process and disinfect. Using tweezers slowly
Pull the insect from the skin at an angle of 90%, do not twist the insect, and
then the head can stay in the skin. After that, rinse your hands and
Treat the place of bite.
