Ultraviolet radiation has a unique property to prevent the reproduction of microorganisms. Ultraviolet radiation is used in the work of quartz lamps. Today, open and closed quartz lamps are used for disinfection of the premises.
Content
Ultraviolet radiation
For a long time, the sun is attributed to the ability to prevent the spread of infections. In 1877, it was found that an increase in the number of microorganisms stops under the influence of sunlight, and later it was found that this effect comes from an invisible eye of a part of the solar radiation spectrum with a wavelength below 320 nm.
In the future, due to this discovery, artificial sources of radiation destroying bacteria were developed, as well as methods of disinfection of both air and surfaces of solid materials, and without the use of chemical disinfectants and without high temperatures, and this is very important, since in many cases the use of mentioned The last disinfection techniques is either not effective or impossible.
For practical use, the spectrum of ultraviolet (UV) rays is divided into three groups:
- UV-A (long waves) 315: 400 nm
- UV-B (medium waves) 280: 315 nm
- UV-C (short waves) in short 280 nm
UV-A radiation has an impact on various photochemical processes, has a pigment, but not erythene effect, that is, it does not cause redness of the skin.
UV-B radiation is used for therapeutic purposes, as it has a pigment, erymetric (causes redness of the skin) impact, forms vitamin D in human body, animal and birds, improves breathing, increases blood hemoglobin, strengthens the nervous system, increases Immunity organism.
UV-C radiation has a high efficiency of lesion of microorganisms, that is, it has a bactericidal action, causes redness of the skin and eye inflammation.
UV rays with a wavelength of less than 200 nm capable of converting air into ozone having a strong oxidizing effect and sharp smell. Concentration of 0.22 mg of ozone per meter cubic air is an extremely permissible, harmful to humans.
Features of quartzing of premises
For quartz for the purpose of disinfection of air, according to the requirements of the regulatory documents of the sanitary and epidemiological service, an indicator is established - bactericidal efficiency. Bactericida Effectiveness (JBK) - an assessment of the level of reduction of the microbial semination of the air as a result of the operation of UV rays, expressed as a percentage as the ratio of the number of dead microorganisms to their initial number before exposure. For various rooms with mandatory disinfection of air, the requirements of the required level of bactericidal efficiency are determined
Quartzing in the premises is made by bactericidal irradiaurs, which can be divided into several types:
- Ceiling
- Wall mounted
- Wall-ceiling
- Mobile
- Open and closed (recycling) type
Ultraviolet bactericidal irradiators (quartz lamps) are intended to suppress the life of microorganisms in the air and on the surfaces of the premises of therapeutic and prophylactic, production, public and other institutions, are an effective means for the prevention and control of causative agents of infections.
Combined quartz lamps deserve attention, as they allow direct irradiation of air and surfaces with an open lamp (necessarily absence in the room of people) and scattered with a closed (shielded) lamp (possibly used in the presence of people).
Rules quartzia
The principle of operation of any irradiator is based on the use of UV-radiation UV-C range, the source of which is bactericidal lamps. Selector the emission is necessary depending on the requirements for cleaning the room and its volume.
Due to the inadmissibility of the impact of direct UV radiation, the lamps on the eyes and the skin of a person must be observed the following operating order procedure.
The first thing to be done is to make sure that there are no people, animals, plants in the room where it is necessary to produce UV disinfection.
Next, depending on the size of the room, the number of installed devices, the alleged exposure time sets the following parameters:
- Defair system
- UV regime
- Duration of irradiation
Before the quartzing you need to leave the room, closing the door behind you, turn on the irradiators. During the irradiation session at the entrance to this room there should be a light scoreboard «Do not enter, irradiating ultraviolet!» (It is necessary to enable manually or combine the electrical circuit of the light board and the emission circuit). If the information board is missing, a plate with a similar warning should be highlighted on the input door. At the end of the irradiation, turn off the irradiator and light board.
Features of quartzing of premises in the presence of people
For the disinfection of air in the presence of people, ultraviolet bactericidal irradiators are used - recirculators, in which the sources of UV radiation are completely closed, and the air with the help of fans is pumped through the space irradiated by the lamps. The principle of operation of such irradiators is similar to the above-described instruments for quartzing, and productivity depends not only on the power of radiation sources, but also on the performance of the fan.
