As a liquid can get into our brain and cause brain swelling? The question is interesting, but it is not so easy to answer it, because the reasons may be a lot and of various. The most important thing is that you need to know about the edema of the brain - read the article.
Content
The head of the brain is a pathological process characterized by excessive accumulation of fluid in brain tissue. Developing the increase in the volume of the brain leads in most cases to an increase in intracranial pressure. For edema of the brain, the accumulation is not as much extracellular fluid, how much increase the volume of water inside the brain cells, primarily glial. In this regard, the term is often used «swelling - brain swelling».Brain swelling is tumor, traumatic, postoperative, toxic (intoxication), inflammatory, ischemic and hypertensive. Perhaps the development of brain edema in epileptic seizures, diseases of blood and internal organs, endocrine disorders, hypoxia, the effects of ionizing radiation.
In the development of cerebral edema, circulatory, vascular and tissue factors take part. Circulatory factors imply on the one hand, a significant increase in blood pressure in the brain capillaries due to increasing the blood pressure and expansion of the brain arteries: the filtering of water from the microcosuds in the intercellular space of the brain increases and its tissue elements are damaged, on the other side, with generalized (general) or local insufficiency of blood supply to the cerebral tissue. Vascular factors - a violation of the permeability of the walls of the brain microsudes, as a result of which the protein molecules and other components of the blood plasma pass through the disturbed barrier into the tissue brain spaces, which not only increases the osmolarity (the number of osmotically active particles) of the intercellular fluid, but also damages the cell membranes by breaking The function of neural brain elements. Fabric factors - primary damage to cell membranes and cytoplasm of brain neurons; At the same time, transportation through the membranes of ions and water, which accumulates inside the cellular elements, primarily glial, causing their swelling.
In the prevalence allocate local and generalized (covering one or both hemispheses) of brain edema.
At the increase in edema and brain displacement into the cerebellum hole and the largest occipital hole appear the following symptoms: the defeat of the glasses of the nerves (expansion of pupils and a decrease in pupil reactions), parishes or paralysis of the gaze and others. When squeezing the rear brain artery, violation of vision may occur. Vestibular disorders may occur, sudden vomiting, the rigidity of the occipital muscles appears. Possible stop breathing.
In suspected of the patient's brain edema, the patient should urgently hospitalized into the neurosurgical or resuscitation department. Direct diagnostics of brain edema is possible in computed tomography, which allows you to identify a decrease in the density of the brainstant, to evaluate the severity of edema, its prevalence. A valuable diagnostic method is a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, at which the areas of hyperhydration (excessive water) of the brainstant are determined.
The forecast is always serious and depends on the severity of the underlying disease, timeliness and adequacy of treatment. With the progressive development of edema, the death of the patient is possible.
