What is a fracture? What fractures are? How to give first aid to man with a fracture? Answers you will find in this article.
Content
- She walked, slipped, fell, closed fracture, woke up - gypsum.
Phrase from the movie «The Diamond Arm» familiar to all Russians. Yes you,
Probably, they themselves turned out to be in such a situation. Winter,
walking on the street, where the janitor forgot to sprinkle with sand sliding
Road. You go, look around, look at the showcases, in general
Whether you like, but we just don't under your feet, suddenly,
Sorry and fall on your hand or worse - sit down, in
result - a closed hand or foot fracture. Or in the summer when all children
On vacation, your restless child runs like a peeler, competing
with other children in speed and dexterity, climbs on the horizontal bar, breaks down,
And, falls with all the body on hand - as a result, closed fracture of the clavicle.
Familiar? And how to act to at least alleviate the pain of the poor
Child So far away to the nearest medport?
What is a fracture?
For
providing medical care, you need to first determine what trauma
At the victim. Let's give a medical definition.
A fracture is a violation of the integrity of the bone that occurs in
resulting the inflection of the bone when falling, strong impact, compression under
exposure to mechanisms and other bodies (for example, plates, iron beams and
T.D.). Separated a partial disorder of the integrity of the bone and complete. If
The bone was completely and bone fragments were formed, then such
Fracture is called complete. If the bone is damaged in part, then
the crack is formed, and the fracture is called partial. In any case, you do not
You can determine the degree of bone fracture, as it is necessary
X-ray, which makes in each medical center. You can
only to accurately state what fracture is closed or open that
Determined by visual inspection.
A closed fracture is a bone fracture at which it does not damage
skin covering. Accordingly, when the fracture is open, skin is damaged
cover, skin can be broken in several places, on the site of the fracture
«Torch» bones, bone fragments. In the case of an open fracture, maybe,
bleeding, which is more dangerous for the victim, because in the open
Rana can get microbes and cause inflammation of soft tissues.
In any case, with a fracture, a person is experiencing severe pain, appears
swelling at the fracture site, or if the fracture is full and closed, then
The limb is freely moving or heard «crunch» Chip bone. so,
You have determined that the victim has a fracture, now you have to be able
to give him first aid.
First aid for fractures
You have determined the open fracture from the victim, you need:
- First of all, it is necessary to ensure peace of the victim. For
it is necessary to put the victim on a flat surface so that he can
Lying, not straining.
-
When providing first aid, you are in no case
must go into the wound sticking bones, do not remove bone fragments from
wounds. If you do not have sufficient knowledge and skills, it can
lead to even greater damage to the bone and greater pain of the victim.
- Next should be imposed on an open wound sterile gauze bandage
or pure towel, clean flap tonnie, pure handkerchief, in
General, everything that will be at hand.
- If the victim has severe bleeding, then you first need it
Stop using a tight dressing (that is, the harness). Here is necessary
consider that bleeding can be arterial or venous. In case of arterial bleeding, blood has a bright scarlet color and flows over
throbbing. Such bleeding can be stopped,
if you take the artery above the wound. For this you need harness
(twist the handkerchief or take the belt). Strongly bandage
place above wounds, for example, if broken elbow, then you need to impose
Harness on the hand above wounds by 10-15 cm. Attention! Holding the harness can not more than 1-1.5 hours, since
Its imposition, all vessels are clarified and blood flow is broken
To all tissues. As a result, the leaning of fabrics may occur, so
1.5 hours you have to weaken the harness for 4-5 minutes to resume
Blood flow in fabric. At the same time, be sure to push your fingers
Artery (Vienna) in the place of bleeding. After you have to tighten again
harness, slightly higher (below) of the place where he was before. At
The imposition of the harness you need to record the exact time on paper and give
the victim to come to the arrival of ambulance, the doctor knew time and
The need weakened Zhgut.
- With venous bleeding, blood is dark red and flows
smooth jet, not pulsating. In this case, the bandage (that is, the harness)
impose below the wounds, write the time of the bandage imposition, and also
Weaken in 1-1.5 hours for 4-5 minutes.
- When first aid, it is also necessary to immobilize
Place a fracture, carefully, trying not to cause pain to the victim,
put a bus. Tire is a generalized name of a solid subject,
which is used when fixing the fracture. You can take a tire
Wooden, plywood boards, sticks, and any foolish
Umbrellas, branches, briefcases and t.D. Consider the example when
broken Noga. As a tire you found two wooden boards in length
legs. The tire must be applied to clothes, pre-putting cotton
so that the boards do not come into contact with damaged skin and bones. Two
Boards fold cotton, fix between them, that is,
«clamp» On both sides, then wrap the bandage, towel,
handkerchief and T.D. All tire is superimposed. Now you have provided the victim
peace and reduced pain.
- Call an ambulance, or deserve the victim in
Medpunkt, there will make an X-ray and, of course, will have all
Required help.
First aid includes the same actions as when open, except for the imposition of a harness. In case of fracture bones brushes,
clavicle, to ensure rest of the victim should be suspended
damaged hand on the golock, or tightly feeding the hand to the body.
Dear readers, now you know how to provide first help with
Permasters. Be careful and careful!
