Bronchitis is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi walls. Bronchi, in turn, are an extensive network of tubes of different diameters, conductive inhaled air from the larynx in the lungs.
Content
As a rule, bronchitis develops after an acute respiratory infection or cold, and since we have witnesses every year, most of us had an episode of bronchitis at least once during the life. With appropriate treatment, bronchitis takes place in a few days, without leaving the consequences, while the cough can last three weeks and more. If you are sick of bronchitis several times during the year, this may indicate the development of a more serious state - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The state described by this term is a group of diseases devally affecting the lung fabric. These include emphysema, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and asthmatic bronchitis. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a cough with a moocroty, which is most of the month, at least three months a year and for two years, subject to the absence of another reason capable of calling cough (WHO recommendations).
Symptoms of bronchitis
The main sign of bronchitis is a cough with a dishwashed yellowish-gray or greenish mocroid. In some cases, the sputum happens in blood. The unpainted or having white shade of the mucus is highlighted during the coupling, is not a sign of bacterial infection. It is important to remember that cough is one of the most important protective functions of the body. His role is to purify the respiratory tract. However, only wet, productive cough, in which liquid wet is easily removed.
In the norm of bronchi produced about 30 grams of mucosa secret daily. Produced mucus performs barrier and protective functions. It protects the surface of the bronchi from damage, moisturizes and warms the inhaled air, ensures the removal of foreign particles. Biologically active substances contained in mucus increase local bronchi immunity.
Infectious pathogens (viruses, bacteria, mushrooms) or non-infectious (dust, pollen plants, components of aerosols) cause damage to the cells of the bronchi mucosa. There is inflammation, in which the amount of mucus produced increases several times, and its viscosity increases. The accumulation of mucus leads to difficulty breathing and violation of the lungs. In addition, the mucous secret is an excellent nutrient medium for microorganisms.
In addition to cough, the symptoms of bronchitis are:
- soreness and feeling of spasm throat,
- Difficult breathing, wheezes, - a slight increase in temperature.
Causes of bronchitis
Viruses that cause ARZ or cold can cause acute bronchitis, but the feature of inflammation of the bronchial tree (as mentioned above) is the possibility of joining a secondary bacterial infection.
Sometimes the development of bronchitis contributes to inhalation of tobacco smoke, dust, toxic gases, as well as hydrochloric acid, which, with such a disease, like gastroesophageal reflux, gets out of the stomach in the esophagus and larynx.
Risk factors in the development of bronchitis
The risk of a sharp bronchitis or transition to a chronic form increases several times, if you smoke or passively breathe tobacco smoke. This applies to children whose parents smoke. In this case, in addition to bronchitis, children increase the risk of emergence of ARVI, bronchial asthma and pneumonia. In cases where your immune system is weakened with a sharp or chronic disease, the risk of bronchitis is also rising.
If you are working in places with an increased dust in the air, for example, cotton, as well as chemical reagents, acids, alkalis, peroxide, the risk of developing broncho-pulmonary diseases increases.
When should be addressed to the doctor?
If you have a cough, with an opaque sputter, an allocation or discomfort in the throat, a slight increase in temperature, and these symptoms do not pass within 2-3 days, you should necessarily contact the doctor. You must be particularly attentive if you have such concomitant diseases like bronchial asthma or heart failure.
If you have often repetitive bronchitis, contact the doctor. You may live in an ecologically unfavorable area, or work in harmful production. Having complete information, the doctor will be able to appoint the most effective treatment.
Methods of diagnosis of bronchitis
Specialist usually listens with a stethoscope your bronons and lungs. To eliminate more serious illness, for example pneumonia, x-ray can be assigned. The sputum analysis required to identify the pathogen is also carried out.
Treatment of bronchitov
Depending on the degree of gravity of the disease, the doctor will resist you with drugs, a non-drug therapy. Inhalation, massage, healing physical education, physiotherapy, as well as drugs that reduce the viscosity of sputum and impaigging, immunocormers, antibiotics,. Extremely rarely preparations can be assigned to cough.
Often, doctors recommend medicines prepared on the basis of plants - phytopreparations. With bronchitis, wilderness and fans, risks, nine, black radish juice with honey, plantain juice, anise and thyme fruit extract, combined vegetable preparations, such as bronchikum,. Take the phytopreparations every 3 hours, strictly observing the healing dose, t.To. Overdose may cause vomiting. Not worth it, however, overestimate the importance and possibility of phytotherapy. If on the 3-4th day of the cough disease did not become wet and the sputum separation is still difficult, it is necessary to begin treatment with modern synthetic musolithic drugs, which will appoint you a doctor (for example, bromgexine).
Antibiotics with bronchitis are not always appointed. The need for their use can only determine the doctor. It all depends on the severity, the nature of the pathogen and the duration of the disease. Still does not exist effective antiviral drug.
Treatment without drug use includes the following activities:
- The use of a large amount of fluid for wet wet,
- Full holiday,
- Air conditioning in the room where you are located (air can be wet and clean).
In case of complex treatment, the disease is also useful Easy Massage Chest.
Physical movements (but not too active) improve the purification of bronchi from the accumulated mucus and accelerate recovery. Consume lightweight, calorie food. You need to drink a lot. The body, especially during the disease, needs a lot of liquid. It improves the removal of toxins from the body, contributes to the discharge and removal of sputum.
Prevention Bronchitov
The following uncomplicated tips will help your body in the fight against infection:
- Fully rest,
- Use enough liquid,
- If possible, conditioned air indoors,
- do not smoke,
- If you work or stay in rooms with contaminated air, wear a protective mask.
