Depending on what caused the disease, acute intestinal obstruction is mechanical and dynamic.
Causes of intestinal pathology
Mechanical obstruction:
- may be caused by the infringement of hernia;
- It occurs after some time after the operation on the abdominal cavity - the spikes close the lumen in the intestine;
- It appears as a result of the accumulation of one sect in another with the overlap of the lumen (the so-called invagination);
- It becomes a consequence of oncological diseases of the intestinal itself or organs in close proximity to it;
- inevitable when the intestine breaks with the formation of nodes;
- It is not excluded when the intestine tube is overlapped by bile stones and cavalous masses, foreign bodies or accumulation of helminths.
Dynamic obstruction:
- develops in the first days after surgical intervention in the abdominal cavity;
- becomes the result of the body intoxication (for example, lead poisoning);
- It is a complication Peritonitis, Anomalies of the sigmoid intestine, hernia, diverticular disease of the thick intestine, inflammation in the field of abdominal cavity and its organs;
- may appear after open and closed abdomen.
External manifestations of intestinal obstruction
After the surgeon visually estimates the patient's condition, the patient will have to hand over blood samples and urine for general analysis.
The cavity x-ray cavity is also made, which in the presence of the disease shows the intestinal loops enlarged in size and the so-called intestinal arches, which are the characteristic indicator for intestinal obstruction. Abdominal ultrasound will help a specialist to establish the diameter of intestinal loops.
In cases where the doctor for any reason is difficult to confirm the diagnosis, the laparoscopy is carried out - the front abdominal wall is pierced and with the help of special equipment carry out visual diagnosis of internal organs.
How to cure acute intestinal obstruction
To begin with, preference gives conservative therapy. Whatever the cause of intestinal obstruction, with all patients without exception, is recommended to therapeutic starvation and full of peace.
To stop vomiting use the nasogastric probe: the device is injected through the nose in the stomach, thus freeing it from the accumulated content. In parallel, an intravenous introduction of a number of solutions of drugs, which will get rid of the patient from spasms, pain and vomiting. We certainly use a sampling solution 0.05% - subcutaneous injections of the drug restore the normal intestinal motor.
If the acute intestinal obstruction occurred against the background of the infringement of hernia, they carry out an emergency surgery, since it will not be able to stop obstruction without it. Treatment ends with the operation and then when conservative methods do not bring due results.
Operation on the liquidation of acute intestinal obstruction passes under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes the middle incision of the front abdominal wall, which allows you to adequately evaluate the picture of the disease and find the direct cause of its development. Depending on the cause, the doctor performs the necessary operational actions.
In the first day after the operation, the patient must follow the beddown. Get up and walk he can a little later. The recovery period provides for wearing a special orthopedic bandage: the device will stop pain and protects the fresh seams from the discrepancy. After the operation and some time after the statement of the patient, you need to binting the legs with an elastic bandage.
How to protect the intestine
- Diseases that can in some way can negatively affect the possibility of free movement of food by intestines, you need to be treated in a timely manner and competent.
- If the patient has the opportunity to choose which way to operate, preference is better to give video gallating: the method significantly reduces the risk of aging disease.
- The person who suffered an operation in the abdominal cavity should drastically change its food habits and regime. There is a modest portion every 2-3 hours. Consumption of products with high content of fiber and spices irritating intestinal mucosa, better limit.
- Constipation, even episodic, can not be left a single chance. In a difficult situation, you can use candles bisacodyl for rectal administration, vaseline oil (1-2. L. During meals), elementary enema.
Intestinal obstruction: Payback for frivolity
The consequences of the intestinal obstruction not allowed in time: necrotic sites appear on the walls of the intestine, through which the intestinal contents fall into the abdominal cavity. So develops peritonit.
It is a hardest condition that is very difficult to adjust and treat. Inflammation of the peritoneum in turn also gives complication - abdominal infection of blood. Chances to survive in humans. The conclusion suggests itself: if any ailmental health is better to entrust specialists, and not rely on the notorious «AB».
