Even the most modest knowledge of any Russian in foreign languages is enough to determine what the word «Hyperactivity» means «Superchactivity». Under the children's hyperactivity, specialists are understood as a picture of the physical and psychological development of a child in which attention deficit is observed, impulsiveness.
Content
Hyperactive child seeks to have time as much as possible, everything immediately, however, this church is not a productive nature – Not having time to try to get acquainted with one subject or occupation, the child has already become interested in another thing or the acquisition of activities, throws his original things and begins new. Then also comes with new objects of their interest, then with the third, with fourths, and so on, and so on.
Such behavior is fraught with the emergence of serious complications of personal character – Education difficulties, in the perception of the realities of the world, in communicating with peers and adults, including parents. Features of hyperactivity appear mainly in the younger school age.
Children's hyperactivity
Children's hyperactivity is not something exclusive: according to domestic physicians, about fifth of the younger students of our country (boys are twice as often, rather than girls) is hyperactive. As you grow, hyperactivity can go on no and «Natural» By the way, however, it is not worth it for it – Statistics show that 70% of children whose hyperactivity has been revealed to preschool and younger school years, retain similar qualities and in adolescence, and the risk of socially dangerous behavior among such teenagers is very high, few less than half of them have in their «All service list» Facts of aggressive behavior and violence, detention by police bodies, attempts to end with them. Therefore, parental diagnosis «A, nothing, with age will pass» In this case, it is absolutely not applicable, the development of a hyperactive child needs to be monitored and adjust.
Before moving to direct signs, on which it is possible to distinguish the hyperactive child from the rest, briefly describe the causes of such a painful state.
This disease is caused by the amazing of the frontal shares of the brain, responsible for the systematicness of actions and for controlling behavior. This leads to violations of arbitrary regulation of various forms of conscious mental activity and violation of the expediency of behavior in general. Brain structures that «slow down» Those or other of our emotional and behavioral reactions weaken. Nature, as you know, does not tolerate emptiness – other structures responsible for inverse processes, that is, for the activation of the processes of our mental life, not held back «braking» structures start working for all power. As a result, the child develops a boiler activity, at the same time he is unable to motivate it, but to concentrate on it.
Medicine science is accurate only at first glance, and the mysterious in it is much larger than the explicit. So in the question of the roots of hyperactivity, there is no complete clarity yet. At the moment, doctors distinguish three groups of causes of children's hyperactivity. First, hereditary predisposition; secondly, organic damage to the brain of the embryo during pregnancy or after generic injuries; Thirdly, socio-psychological injuries due to improper education, the unhealthy environment in the family, living conditions.
How to distinguish a hyperactive child?
At first glance, there is nothing easier: go to the playground, to highlight the kids of the most restlessness from the crowd, the fact that no second is on the spot, whose hands are constantly busy, every minute, since the new thing or spinning a new toy, whose feet flashes with The speed of the carousel involved in the whole acne, he is always in the thick of events, where something happens, whether it is a fun game or a scuffle, his voice has just been heard in one corner of the courtyard, and now he is already coming from the opposite… It seems that everything is logical, but teachers, psychologists and doctors are invoking not to rush with similar conclusions. By and large, children up to 6-7 years old and should be terribly restless, curious, loud and sometimes annoying. If your child is exactly this age, you still early to beat anxiety and a doomed voice to pronounce «My child – hyperactive». Experts claim to reasonably allocate children of preschool age, susceptible to hyperactivity, it is difficult, this is possible only when the increased activity of the child goes beyond common sense and is dangerous, above all to him, say, he constantly, despite all warnings and educational measures of parents running on the roadway. But the number of such children is relatively small. Much more clearly hyperactivity manifests itself from the moment the child begins to study at school.
Training activities – This is the first race of classes in which the child needs to learn self-control, the ability to submit to the requirements of adults, to comply with the discipline of classes and rules of behavior in public places. All of the above is simply contraindicated with a hyperactive child – Well, as he can obey the requirements and discipline, if it is elementary can not focus on one thing more than 5 minutes? Hyperactive children lacks a simple doctibility to perform school tasks, they begin to have problems at school, despite the fact that in most cases, the intellectual abilities of such children are not inferior to the same indicators of them not so smoothly peers. Against the background of inability to perform training tasks on time and behave in the framework of the rules in school classes in such children, relations with adults, with teachers and parents, whose requirements are perceived by children as something impossible. Rights misunderstanding in the family, which sooner or later will lead to conflict situations. And then more, for, as the age-old folk wisdom says, the children, the greater the problems with them…
To make a great deal of accuracy to make a conclusion about a child of hyperactivity or not, experts offer to pay attention to a number of signs.
So, the child is hyperactive, if:
- It is not capable of focusing for a long time even on an interesting lesson for him;
- perfectly hears when they turn to him, but does not respond to appeal;
- too often loses things;
- Avoids «boring» tasks, as well as those for solving mental efforts;
- with obvious enthusiasm is taken for the task, but almost never finishes it;
- constantly has difficulties in organizing educational, gaming or other activities;
- can't calmly sit in place;
- very talked, even chatty;
- Chronically has unfinished tasks and projects;
- Often, forgets important information;
- constantly manifested;
- Sleep little, even in infancy;
- It has a steady character line not to obey the rules, both in study and in the game, and in household matters;
- He has a habit to respond even before he is asked a question;
- It is not able to wait for his turn;
- is in continuous movement;
- Often intervene in other people's conversations, interrupts and interrupts the interlocutor;
- susceptible to frequent and sharp mood shifts;
- seeks immediately, here and now, to get encouragement for any success;
- It has a strongly distinguished level of tasks on various educational subjects.
If parents detect at least a third of their child from the above signs, the likelihood of what they deal with children's hyperactivity. In this case, we persistently recommend contacting the specialists. In order not to beat the alarm ahead of time, parents are better to first discuss the situation with teachers and psychologists and, if concerns are confirmed, contact a neuropathologist.
Without going into the specific moments of the treatment of a hyperactive child and not risking to formulate educational principles for all and everyone (each person is unique, let this person and less than ten years old, therefore, for each case, they need their own measures), we will give those general moments to be paid Attention to parents in teaching and upbringing a hyperactive child.
First of all, it is necessary to train a superchactive child according to a special program compiled jointly by educators, psychologists, doctors and parents. Educational tasks must be small so that their execution did not take too much time – If the hyperactive child will take place over a task or equation, he will simply quit it without deciding. In the event that the special procedure is impossible to provide in the school class, it makes sense to choose an individual form of training.
Finally, parents need to remember several rules, which they must adhere to their communication with a hyperactive child: to praise the child with each success; avoid frequent words «No» and «it is forbidden», speak restrained and calmly; follow observance by the child of a clear routine of the day; protect the child from overwork, since with it hyperactivity is enhanced; in every way to encourage the types of activity that the concentration of attention implies; try to limit the child's communication during games with one friend or partner, while avoiding restless buddies and places of accumulation of a large number of people; To walk in the fresh air every day and play sports with the child to direct the activity of the child in a positive channel.
